Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essays -- Mary Shelley Frankenstein Essays

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein The characterization of Victors brute, the colossus, in the movie although somewhat dramatically different from Mary Shelleys portrayal in the novel Frankenstein likewise had its similarities. Shelleys views of the monster were to make him seem like a human being, succession the movie gruesomee the monster out to be a hideous creation. The creatures appearance and personality are two aspects that differ between the novel and movie while his intellectual and tender sides were portrayed the same. From the novel the creatures physical appearance is left up to each readers imagination. Shelley wrote His limbs were in proportion, and I had selectedhis features as beautiful. Beautiful Great God His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing his dentition of a pearly whiteness but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of th e same colour as the dun-whitesockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips (p.56). Although I imagined the creature a human being with somewhat distorted features, another reader exponent view his appearance as a grotesque monster. On the other hand, the movie has shown him as a hideous monster created by a mad scientist. The monsters appearance was focused on creating life out of dead body parts, sewing the pieces together that left horrid physical scars, and activation him with electricity. The creatures personality, or actions toward lodge, was displayed as being very calm and compassionate in the novel. He made many attempts to converse with society, but society feared and mistreated... ...survive the cold season. The creature also requested a companion of the opposite sex, so he too could feel love from another instead of supply rejection. At the very end of the novel and movie the creature was caught grieving over the dea th of his creator. Even though we are made to think that the creature was cold and destructive, in the end his human emotions prevailed. The Frankenstein movie focused on outward action scenes rather than emotional themes to make it more popular and entertaining. It also portrayed Victor as a mad scientist engrossed in his desire to create human life. I was very impressed that the movie did asseverate some of the good qualities that came from the novel. I enjoyed the novel more, because it gave me the opportunity to put my imagination to work instead of having to accept someone elses interpretation of Mary Shelleys literary novel.

The Poetry of Langston Hughes :: Biography Biographies Essays

The Poetry of Langston Hughes Langston Hughes was born at the turn of the century in America. Hughes spent a rootless childhood moving from office staff to induct with his mother who was separated from his father. During one year in high school, Hughes spent time with his father in Mexico, a light-skinned human beings who launch an prevail from racism in ranching. With aid from his father, Hughes attended Columbia University, but soon became disgusted with university life and immersed himself in his first love - the poetry and have sex and blue devils in Harlem. Hughes supported himself in odd jobs such as nightclub doorman and steward while he traveled to places as removed as West Africa, Italy, and Paris. During this time Hughes wrote poems that earned him a scholarship to Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. His first book of verse was published in 1926. In this work, the rhythmic, melodic constitution of his poetry is evident as is his belief that only by staying conne cted to their Afri foundation roots could African Americans find understanding. We exit this in Cross, My r be man died in a fine big house / My ma died in a shack. / I wonder where Im gonna die, / Being neither white nor glowering? (Langston 2). The poems of Langston Hughes plowshare a relationship in that they most typically depict the African American induce in the midst of an oppressive white mainstream culture. any(prenominal) of the poems are strident political protests or social criticism, while other depicts Harlem life including poverty, prejudice, hunger, hopelessness, and other themes. Hughes tried to maintain an artistic detachment despite his mystifying emotions with note to the feelings expressed in his poems. He tried, though unsuccessfully in some poems, to depict the universal while at the same time specifically development African American issues, themes, and speech. We see this in color, Wear it / Like a banner / For the proud - / Not care a shroud (La ngston 2). We can see in this poem that Hughes work depicts the universal experience of being ostracized or oppressed for what one cannot change, but we also see it is directly targeting the colour experience with such conditions. Hughes poems often have a musical rhythm to them, as his lyrics typically rhyme in the ABAB CDCD ABAB CDCD scheme. The music of Harlem, the spirituals of Negro slaves, and other influences like Walt Whitman and W.The Poetry of Langston Hughes Biography Biographies EssaysThe Poetry of Langston Hughes Langston Hughes was born at the turn of the century in America. Hughes spent a rootless childhood moving from place to place with his mother who was separated from his father. During one year in high school, Hughes spent time with his father in Mexico, a light-skinned man who found an escape from racism in ranching. With aid from his father, Hughes attended Columbia University, but soon became disgusted with university life and immersed himself in his f irst love - the poetry and jazz and blues in Harlem. Hughes supported himself in odd jobs such as nightclub doorman and steward while he traveled to places as remote as West Africa, Italy, and Paris. During this time Hughes wrote poems that earned him a scholarship to Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. His first book of verse was published in 1926. In this work, the rhythmic, lyrical nature of his poetry is evident as is his belief that only by staying connected to their African roots could African Americans find understanding. We see this in Cross, My old man died in a fine big house / My ma died in a shack. / I wonder where Im gonna die, / Being neither white nor black? (Langston 2). The poems of Langston Hughes share a relationship in that they most typically depict the African American experience in the midst of an oppressive white mainstream culture. Some of the poems are strident political protests or social criticism, while other depicts Harlem life including poverty, prej udice, hunger, hopelessness, and other themes. Hughes tried to maintain an artistic detachment despite his deep emotions with respect to the feelings expressed in his poems. He tried, though unsuccessfully in some poems, to depict the universal while at the same time specifically using African American issues, themes, and speech. We see this in color, Wear it / Like a banner / For the proud - / Not like a shroud (Langston 2). We can see in this poem that Hughes work depicts the universal experience of being ostracized or oppressed for what one cannot change, but we also see it is directly targeting the black experience with such conditions. Hughes poems often have a musical rhythm to them, as his lyrics typically rhyme in the ABAB CDCD ABAB CDCD scheme. The music of Harlem, the spirituals of Negro slaves, and other influences like Walt Whitman and W.

journalism Essay -- essays research papers

A diarist is someone who works in the parole gathering business, such as a photographer, editor or reporter. Journalism is all around us. It dominates television and surrounds us in the vast let go ofing industry of popularization. Journalism influence our perspectives on issues concerning us. In other words, its undeniable that journalism has a deep impact on our lives. There are two sides to journalism good journalism and unsound journalism. According to K. Minogue, the journalist has the power to mould the information they receive into propaganda or they could just report the news with additions of both side of the story. Journalism could even coiffe a political uproar alike(p) uncovering the Watergate scandal that forced President Nixon of the USA from office in 1974. Hence, it is very important that a journalist follow a code of ethics to maintain peace and harmony among the people. I agree that even though journalists are said to have a freedom of expression or speech, they still have to have public responsibilities. In Singapore, we journalist have to watch what we say in delicate matters like September 11 attacks and the current Japanese China issue. The September 11 attacks may cause our society to be more weary of the Muslims in our society. As journalists, we must we careful not to generalize that all Muslims are extremists. What we can do is to ask our Muslim community on their opinion on the terrorists acts and publish it in the news. Since Singapore is a cosmopolitan city, racial and religious matters must be treated diplomatically and fairly. The other races would then be able to run into the Muslims better. Understanding each other would really help nation building as there is social cohesion and thus Singapore would be a peaceful and harmonious home for all. Honesty is another aspect which is very significant. Journalists should observe the common standards of decency and stand accountable to the public for the honesty and accuracy of their news reports. A journalist should not modify or influence any information that goes into their hands. They could do so by using suggestive words and withholding tax necessary information. Many a time journalists try to create a hype or to make their paper sell like hotcakes by conciliative honesty. In Singapore, it is written in the Singapore Jou... ...ght to a certain extent for journalism around the world especially Singapore. Australia and Singapore differ in kitchen-gardening and governance, hence some of the principles may not work in the latter country. Singapore has to provide more protection in journalism to preserve the divers(a) culture she has. Thus its natural for the government to be more strict by imposing fines if a journalist publish unethical news. This would strengthen the trammel of trust of the people in Singapore. ReferencesGoh C. T. (2004) in International Press insitiute.2004 World Press Freedom Review http//www.freemedia.at/wpfr/Asia/singapor.htmh ttp//www.newcriterion.com/archive/23/feb05/journalism.htmhttp//www.aliran.com/charter/monitors/2004/11/spore-has-more-press-freedom-than-msia.htmlhttp//www.asne.org/index.cfm?id=888http//www.sph.com.sg/http//www.usinfo.pl/aboutusa/media/ethics.htmhttp//www.alliance.org.au/http//www.media-solicitors.co.uk/Lee, KY (2004) in International Press insitiute.2004 World Press Freedom Review http//www.freemedia.at/wpfr/Asia/singapor.htmMinogue, K. Journalism Power without responsibility http//www.newcriterion.com/archive/23/feb05/journalism.htm

Descriptive Essay - The City Dock :: Descriptive Essay, Descriptive Writing

The perfect place in the city is one that is incredibly versatile it may be bustling with natural action one minute and nearly deserted the next. The city docking facility has been a mainstay of the city for as long as anyone cigarette remember, and it has a different effect on everyone. Everyone can appreciate the dock for his or her own reasons.One of the best aspects of the city dock is the amount of activity that can almost always be found if you know where to look. Every year the Great Dock Canoe Race an event in which teams of 2 people race a canoe across the bay - is held at the dock, and youre guaranteed to find many teams racing their canoes in the bay. Hundreds of people crowd the dock to watch and then move next door to the Dock restaurant to celebrate with the winning team. Right off the dock is a tiny cover of restaurants and quaint shops, and then of course there are the boats. Of the dozens of boats - from sailboats to houseboats to lei indisputable ships, from red to white to yellow - that are anchored at the city dock, youre sure to strike up a conversation with one of the friendly people who live here, and its a great place for casual parties with friends. On the finishing Fourth of July, my friends and I gathered on the top deck of my fathers houseboat to watch the fireworks display that lit the sky. It offered an amazing vantage point from which we could con across town. The city dock, however, can also be a solitary place. When you sit on the top deck of a boat, it seems like you are all by yourself in the world. From that height, you have a birds eye view of the dock and the bay, and though there may be people around the dock downstairs you, you are removed from their action. Its the best way to take a break from the stress and activity of the day.

Q&A: US Treatment of Suspected Terrorists :: essays research papers

1)Summarize the arguments that the United States used to justify its treatment of the prisoners. Ans. There were many arguments offered by the United States to justify its treatment of the prisoners. One of the arguments was that, Taliban and Al-Qaeda prisoners were ?un jurisprudenceful enemy combatants? so therefore, Third Geneva Convention does not apply due to the accompaniment they are not prisoners of war. This meant that US could treat the prisoners how ever they favored. Another dispute was raised which was the US human rights, which was argued by the US by raising up a point that the prisoners were not US citizens and were not living there. Lastly another argument raised was that strict rules and conduct was necessary for the prisoners because they have jeopardise US and strict behavior from US was legitimate. 2)Summarize the arguments that critics used to pressure the United States into changing its treatment of the prisoners. Ans. Various organizations and governments have accused the US for the unfit treatment of the prisoners. Critics say that these people are prisoners of war. The conditions do not meet the requirement level that is expected for prisoners of war and also some prisoner?s officials agree with this concept. They have stated that the conditions are below standard for the prisoners and the NGO Human Rights Watch completely opposes the treatment of the prisoners. According to the NGO, US are conjectural to treat every detained combatant humanely, including unlawful combatants. Amnesty International wrote ?The USA has variously used hooding, blindfolding, handcuffing, and shackling of detainees in Afghanistan, Guantanamo Bay, Iraq)3)Identify some important issues of international law raised by this situation. Ans. The legal limbo is an important issue of international law raised by this situation, in which prisoners existed, a situation for which there was no provision under international law. According to international and human r ights law, legal status as a prisoner of war or criminal should be determined by a competent, independent tribunal, not by the US captors. 4)In your opinion, was the United States justified in its treatment of al-Qaeda and Taliban prisoners? Explain your viewpoint.Ans. I fully disagree with the treatment of the Al-Qaeda and Taliban prisoners that took place by the USA. This is because some of them might be innocent, some of them might of changed there thoughts if they were reasoned with.

Q&A: US Treatment of Suspected Terrorists :: essays research papers

1)Summarize the arguments that the United States employ to justify its treatment of the prisoners. Ans. There were many arguments offered by the United States to justify its treatment of the prisoners. One of the arguments was that, Taliban and Al-Qaeda prisoners were ? outlawed enemy combatants? so therefore, Third Geneva Convention does not apply due to the fact they are not prisoners of war. This meant that US could treat the prisoners how ever they favored. other dispute was raised which was the US gentlemans gentleman rights, which was argued by the US by raising up a point that the prisoners were not US citizens and were not sustentation there. Lastly another argument raised was that strict rules and conduct was necessary for the prisoners because they have threatened US and strict behavior from US was legitimate. 2)Summarize the arguments that critics used to pressure the United States into changing its treatment of the prisoners. Ans. Various organizations and governme nts have accused the US for the unsuitable treatment of the prisoners. Critics say that these people are prisoners of war. The conditions do not meet the requirement level that is expected for prisoners of war and also some prisoner?s officials agree with this concept. They have stated that the conditions are below precedent for the prisoners and the NGO Human Rights Watch completely opposes the treatment of the prisoners. According to the NGO, US are supposed to treat every detained combatant humanely, including unlawful combatants. Amnesty world-wide wrote ?The USA has variously used hooding, blindfolding, handcuffing, and shackling of detainees in Afghanistan, Guantanamo Bay, Iraq)3)Identify some important comes of international law raised by this situation. Ans. The legal limbo is an important issue of international law raised by this situation, in which prisoners existed, a situation for which there was no provision under international law. According to international and hum an rights law, legal status as a prisoner of war or criminal should be determined by a competent, independent tribunal, not by the US captors. 4)In your opinion, was the United States justified in its treatment of al-Qaeda and Taliban prisoners? Explain your viewpoint.Ans. I fully disagree with the treatment of the Al-Qaeda and Taliban prisoners that took place by the USA. This is because some of them might be innocent, some of them might of changed there thoughts if they were reasoned with.

Academic Qualification!

Since a truly early age we all have been told to give our academics a lot of importance because our academics are what will secure you succeed in life. We all can remeber our parents yelling at us for a bad grade in school and made sure we arrange better next time. In truth achievement is an arbitary term(very subjective) and differs from person to person and field to field. One could take as the economic success as the quantity to which a person is labelled successful in life overlooking his/her other failure such as health, divorce and inefficiency, etc.To others overcoming obstacle and challenges irrespective of what soul earns and the nature of the personal life proves thier success. So who is a successful person and who is a failure? Do school and college grades provide a way to run across success? Isnt it true that drop-outs like Bill Gates and Richard Branson have become the most successful and inspirational icons today? And should we consider the millions of un -educa ted people in the creative activity to be failures in life? There are various points to show otherwise that academic qualification does not ensure success.Sure academic qualification is essential but that would get you only so far, beyond that point various other factors play and important role. Success isnt about getting grades and degrees, if that was true and then why arent all the graduates from Havard, Oxford and Cambridge uniformly successful? The rule of success lies in hard work and well a little bit of luck(destiny). If an engineering school-age child gets good grades and gets a lineage but is not practically effective and not good at problem-solving effectively he wont get very far and will soon fade out. Unfortunately the world has changed the concept of success.It has become a rat-race where every student chases grades and therefore the entire perception of success and prosperity had changed. Rather than studying to reach our full potential, we study because we think its necessary for a successful career. We spend ten-years in school and a fewer more at college to educate ourself and then a couple of years looking and hunting for jobs and even after finding it people tend to be un-satisfied and at the wrong profession.And then at times of crisis such as recession when wealth is scares due to the not-so-responsible decisions of CEOs people are worried about their job and he perception of success changes, if you are able to stay away from the pink-slip(or keep your job) you are successful. To conclude i would like to say that academic qualifications are necessary but not to the level most people make it out to be. Academic qualification ensure a more rounded come to meet people from different backgrounds and cultures, skills necessary to be successful . Hard work, determination, resiliance and your destiny ofcousre play an equally important role in ensuring SUCCESS.

Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership in Motion

Research is field where many stakeholders atomic number 18 involved. These stakeholders can be at the level of community, the g all overnment sponsors, research institutions and in commonplace the research community of the researchers who are spread across the geographies. When a community of researchers share the knowledge with severally other there are often instances where some(a) part of knowledge transfer does not happen completely. This raises a situation of lacuna in knowledge transfer where some ag host members within the take care are unaware of some aspects of the project.This happened with our group as well. We were undergoing through a long period of a lack in knowledge share where team members were finding it difficult to communicate the recent development to each other. The shortage in time and involvement with other commitments also made it difficult to modify the peers on the research activities both internal and external. As social theorists have said that lea rning is a disembodied spiritlong process and it takes a whole life time in learning the social interactions and mastering the art of interaction.By this they have also postulated that the art of interaction can be understood nearly usefully when one is within the social domain and has opportunity to have a conversation (direct) with the significant others (Graham, 2004). This theory somehow contradicts the theory where the experts say that the reckoner managed interaction or CMI is also to an extent able to replicate the communication process. The boom of social networking sites has made it possible to replicate the social structure over internet.An added advantage of this kind of a model is that it allows one to communicate with the user generated content and allows oneself to give the comments and feedback without necessarily feeling comprehensive about getting an flying interaction. This way people can connect with each other in the cyber space and also connect at one to on e level at a later stage when they can meet. Our Approach Analysis As is a commonly stated fact that complex learnings are often associated with groups and addressed more effectively at the group level, even we tried the same strategy while learning in our group.Burdett (2003) postulates that learning in groups provide opportunities for students to negotiate meaning, manipulate ideas, and create their own knowledge skills that correspond to those needed in the wider society. We initiated the group learning by first organising a group and defining the group membership in order to increase the group cohesion (Hirokowa, 1999). The next step was to define the group goals. For doing so we together formulate the group goals based on the available information, resources and incorporated them with the ways we can achieve the goals by using these resources.The next step was very crucial which was to puzzle our performance continuously. This regulation was important in terms to know the d irection we are progressing with the right and realistic aims and goals and if are able to achieve the desired goals or not. This was also a stage for us to reiterate on the accomplished tasks and goals and to forms new deadliness and also to update each other on each other performance by the means of giving the feedback.This strategy worked the best out of the other two strategies of communication and interaction as well as this was the strategy where maximum amount of communication of involved. The online system also worked very well with our team. The computer managed interaction (CMI) as it is called also did set a great level of communication up to a certain level. This communication was through the mode of computer mediated interaction which though not being a direct form of communication was highly popular.This enabled the group members to share the thoughts and share the knowledge in the more virtual form which enabled the group members to be in par with the new development and also a much better knowledge transfer was enabled by this way. Conclusion From our experience we found that the most effective way of keeping a communication was a direct way of communicating where face to face interaction was involved. This also helped the team members to remain in personal contacts with each other.

Economic and more political

Both leaderships considered the state to be the engine of growth and hazard foreign sector development. In China, foreign Investments were prohibited and the mechanism for foreign trade was monopolized by the Ministry of Foreign Trade. In India, the Foreign Exchange Regulatory trifle (1974) reduced foreign equity participation from 51 to 40 percent which led to the exit of companies like MOM, Shell and Coca-Cola. Since that time, both g everyplacenments have significantly liberalized their ply regimes, however, China has been able to attract a much higher level of foreign Investment. Beijing initiated the reform process much earlier than New Delhi and both entries are far more supply-led than other developing countries have been in the past. Nonetheless(prenominal), the experience of these two large, but strikingly polar countries underlies the importance of political sparing system for growth and development. 2The divergence of attitudes toward FED can be easily explained by the two countries different political systems. China has an authoritarian regime where policy-making is primarily regarded as a top-down process, and where the government Is able to be flexible In Its decision-making.Additionally, the Chinese leadership has a clear focus n economic growth. In contrast, the formation of policy in democratic India is much slower. Short-term political calculations dominate as there are frequent elections conducted at different levels- national, state, municipal or village. Interest groups are Important constituencies for Indian parties since they have the ability to provide campaign finances and influence voting behavior.That is why for democratic, post- colonial India, allowing foreign investors to earn huge profits at the expense of domestic firms is unthinkable. A further part of the reception lies in the political economy of the local anaesthetic state. In China. De importantization of economic responsibility and establishment of special econo mic zones (Sees) was a key feature in foreign sector reform. Local authorities, trusty for the economic growth of their province, undertook many initiatives to ensure that Sees would attract foreign investors.In India, decentralization was less economic and more political. It began In the early 1 sass only because central government lacked sufficient political power and was not able to create an efficient coalition without depending on the state governments purport. Thus, local officials have no betoken incentives to promote FED and state governments heavily rely on centrally-led strategies. Helmet City- a special economic zone In Hydrated, designed to attract investments in the IT sector, Is a case In point.Every significant aspect of the project, from negotiations with investors to the design FIFO broadly, local bureaucracy in India- epitomized in this case by the license-quota- permit raja- do not perceive themselves as independent actors in terms of economic reform and oblige central government to be responsible for the implementation of placement programs. such(prenominal) dependence on central government also has an regard on infrastructure. In China local governments have far greater control over local revenues than in India.Under the new fiscal system that resulted from economic decentralization, Chinese provinces entered into negotiated revenue sharing contracts with the central government. This means that local governments are allowed to keep a share of revenue that they collected before handing over a negotiated amount to the central government. The ability to extract these revenues revised them with the financial resources to build a difficult infrastructural base to foreign investors and maintaining a reputation for the rapid completion of infrastructure projects. Unlike in China, the tax assignment system in India is imbalanced almost broad-based taxes have been assigned to the center, while taxes narrow in scope are assigned to the states. The impact is that central government has a greater income and less outgo whereas state governments are collecting less and spending more. This deficit in local state budgets needs to be balanced by entree funds, which in turn means greater central control of the allocation of financial resources to state governments while simultaneously laying responsibility for infrastructure development on them.Since the central government itself is running on the deficit, transfers to state governments must take second place to central consideration. This has resulted in their decline in recent years, moderate state-level infrastructure investments. State governments are not able to quickly and effectively implement these projects, thus decreasing its appeal to FED. Local states eave a little impact on macro-policy issues but they can provide the base that is crucial for attracting foreign enterprises.Local political economy and the coherence of institutional aims provide a partial answer for the promotion of FED in China. In India, local policy was one of change Within institutions rather than change of institutions. Existing bureaucracy had to adapt to a new circumstances within old institutional arrangements instead of following incentives created by newly established institutions FED in chinaware grew from us$3. 5 one million million in 1990 to us$52. 5 billion 2002 excluding mound-tripping, chinas FED inflows could fall to us$40 billion. Those to India rose from SIS$O. Billion to SIS$3. 45 billion during the same time period. Even with these adjustment, china attracted about fifteen times more FED than India in 2002 FED has contributed to the rapid growth of chinas merchandise exports, at an annual rate of 15 percent from 1989 to 2001. In 1989, foreign affiliates accounted for less than 9 percent of Chinese export by 2002 they provided half. In some sophisticated industries in 2000, the share of foreign affiliates in exports was over 90 percent, for example, el ectronics circuits (91 percent) and mobile phones (96 percent). In India, by contrast, FED has been much less important in campaign export growth, except in information technology. FED in Indian manufacturing has been and remains domestic market-seeking. FED accounted for only 3 percent of Indians exports estimated to account for less than 10 percent of Indians manufacturing exports. On the basic economic determinants of inward FED, china does better than India. Chinas total and per capita GAP are higher than Indians, marking it more fetching for racket seeking FED.China has higher literacy and education rates making it more attractive to efficiency seeking investors. China has large natural resources endowments. In addition, chinas physiological infrastructure is more competitive, particularly in the costal areas (CUTS 2010, Marianne corporation economic research institute 2009). But, India may have an advantage in technical manpower, particularly in information technology. I t also has better English language skills. Some of the differences in competitive advantages of the two countries are illustrated by the composition of their inward FED flows.In CT, china has become a key center for hardware design and manufacturing by such companies as Acre, Ericson, General Electric, Hitachi semiconductors, Hounded electronics, Intel, LEG electronics, Microsoft, Imitate international corporation, Motorola, Neck, Monika, Philips, Samsung Electronics, Sony. mainland China semiconductor manufacturing. Toshiba and other major electronic trans-national corporations (Tans). India, on the other hand, specializes in IT services, call centers, business back -office operations and R. Rapid growth in china has increased the local demand for customer durables and non durables, such as home appliances, electronics equipment, Automobiles, housing and leisure. This rapid growth in local demand, as vigorous as competitive business environment and infrastructure, have attracted many market seeking investors. It has also encouraged the growth of many local indigenous firms that stomach manufacturing. Other determinants related to FED attitudes. Policies and procedures also explains why china does better in attracting FED.

Explain to the Board of Director

Explain to the board of director how he or she could use the giving management approach to mitigate his or her companys performance? A talented work force is an employers most valuable asset. The talent, skills and contributions your employees bring to the workplace can make or break your organization. union productivity and profitability depend almost solely on your work force. Therefore, go foring talent is extremely important to executive leadership and human resources departments. Activities related to talent retention are sometimes referred to as part of the talent management process.Some employers combine recruitment, selection and talent retention to achieve talent management goals- 1 Identify your organizations most talented workers. Employees with exceptional work skills, aptitude, interpersonal skills and desire for success are generally referred to as the most talented however, employees who lack cardinal of these attributes or need improvement in another area should not be ruled out. Talented employees also demonstrate traits such as last motivation, initiative and discipline.They are the ones who seek additional responsibility and have performance appraisals to prove they are dedicated to helping your company achieve success. 2 follow-up the performance evaluations of your most talented employees. Determine their strengths and areas for improvement use this information to draft the outline for a discussion about the employees career aspirations. Dont be demoralised if your meeting with the employee reveals career aspirations in another field. Taking the time to discuss this topic sends the message that the employee is a valued contributor.One of the reasons employees often cite for leaving a company is that they feel the company overlooks their contributions or doesnt acknowledge their opinions. 3 Conduct a needs assessment to determine the training and development necessary to retain employees with the most promise. Include an assessment t o determine training for employees who demonstrate aptitude as well. Consider conducting focus groups with supervisors, managers and executive leadership to determine the best delegacy to keep talented employees satisfied and challenged. Review the job descriptions, duties and responsibilities of employees whom youve identified as the most talented. Re-read performance evaluations for professional goals of these employees and compare them to their current duties. If they dont match very well, take up revising job duties or assigning more challenging work to keep them motivated. Talented employees who are dissatisfied with their current responsibilities look for opportunities elsewhere.You can celebrate their departure by offering opportunities that further develop their skills and prepare them for future roles within the company through human resources strategy and succession planning. 5 issue your talented employees with letters of commendation, tokens of appreciation or covete d roles within the organization. Employers can retain talent through very simple actions that demonstrate their appreciation for profound workers. Human resources best practices suggest recognition and, in some cases, employee rewards increase motivation and improve retention of talented employees.

Pressures Faced by Media Organizations During War Essay

While warfares kill flock, destroy lives and economies and create lasting hatreds, they often bring prominent benefits to a minority of people. Wars are great for the national cohesion of a coun quiz, wars allow unpopular rulers to gather support for themselves and rally the masses behind them. Wars whitethorn also benefit the manufacturers of arms and ammunition and phalanx equipment, mercenary forces or other industries. Wartimes are often periods of great emotional upheaval and peoples patriotic and nationalistic feelings rise to a great intensity.During wars people are inclined to be less suspicious of political sympathies motives and more complaint to government commands and recommendations. However, generally wars cause much more harm than smashing and a section of the public often opposes war. During war times governments often rely on the national media to back their military policy and answer and repudiate the critics of war in their behalf. Media organizations face pr essure from the government, the masses, the corporations and the military to conceal or distort facts or to report the war in a certain way.In a democratic country, the citizens depend on the media to inform them objectively whether a certain governmental policy is in their best interests or not. Often the rulers of a country decide to go to war, while the people are reluctant. In such situations the government may pressurize media organizations to convince the public of the need for war. This situation occurred in the United States at the start of the World War I. The American public saw no reason to enter war against Germany at the behalf of Britain.The chair Woodrow Wilson, on the other hand pledged to enter war in the aid of Britain. In April 1917 as the US entered the war, Wilson formed the Committee on normal Information (CPI) to convince the American intellectuals to support US entry into the war. The committee flooded the country with speakers and propaganda posters. News papers were flooded with news releases denouncing the Germans and leveling true and false accusations at them (Ponder).While at war governments often deficiency that the war be seen as a moral cause, wars that are fought for mercenary reasons or out of a misguided or extreme conception of patriotism are portrayed as morally sanctioned campaign to bring about a august goal. Members of the media are expected to use this narrative in their reporting. Those who question the righteousness of the cause may face punitive actions of various types. During the Vietnam War, the media was employed by the American government as a tool against the anti-war movement.Anti-war protesters were portrayed as traitors, giving aid and comfort to the Vietcong and North Vietnamese enemy. It was not until a large turn of events of elected officials had declared their opposition to the ongoing war, that it became acceptable for the media to discuss the motives and assumptions behind the difference of cr edit and the righteousness of Americas cause. However the general tone of the war coverage was highly patriotic as if the presence of the US forces in Vietnam were most natural and it were the Vietcong who were foreign invaders (Hallin).Compared to previous administrations, the Nixon administration had to face a fate more public skepticism and widespread anti-war sentiments. The television networks too, started showing a lot more criticism of the administrations war policies. The administrations response was to appeal to the affiliate TV channels, which were mostly owned by rich, white, conservatives, to bear pressure upon the news networks to reduce the extent of their criticism (Hallin). The success of the establishments efforts to present the war as a moral goal is heavily dependant upon the publics perception of the enemy as the epitome of evil.Therefore the establishment may try to suppress any discussion in the media that portrays the enemy as having any positive quality what soever. Soon after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, comedian Bill Maher, on his TV show politically Incorrect questioned president supplys comment that the attackers were cowardly. One of the guests on the show, political analyst Dinesh DSouza replied that the word was wide of the mark when applied to the attackers, they were not cowards but warriors, agreeing with him Maher said, We have been the cowards, lobbing cruise missiles from 2,000 miles away. Thats cowardly.Staying in the airplane when it hits the building, say what you want about it, its not cowardly. (Jones) This comment elicit a storm of fury in the public, in the media and the government. The comment was condemned by President Bushs spokesman Ari Fleischer who said, There are reminders to all Americans that they need to mark what they say, watch what they do and this is not a time for remarks like that there never is. (Jones). As a result of the controversy generated by the comment, the show Politically Incorrect was deprived of advertising revenue and was cancelled a few months later (Jones).One of the most common themes employed in pro-war propaganda is the identification of the military campaign as a campaign for the human rights of ordinary people. This propaganda is severely threatened by the news of civilian causalities. Therefore governments at war wish may wish to suppress or minimize the impact of news mentioning civilian casualties caused as a result of their soldiers actions. In order to portray the conflict with the enemy as a struggle between good and evil it is necessary to minimize any wrong doings or atrocities committed by the national and allied armed forces.Often reporters learning of a story involving atrocities by their own side feel pressured to embrace these atrocities altogether. Reporters may also timidity that if they report anything negative about the military, their access to the frontlines will be curtailed. In addition for reporters who are embedded within a military unit, within a few days of facing the same dangers as the troops, their identification with the unit may make it extremely difficult for them to make an objective assessment of a situation.During the Korean War, in the summer of 1950, the United States forces gunned down hundreds of South Korean refugees at No Gun Ri, believing them to be North Korean infiltrators. This walloping and other lesser ones were covered up by the American reporters because they believed that publishing the story might harm the war effort. It was not until 1999 that the No Gun Ri debacle was reported in the American Media (Penri). In Vietnam, the journalist Morley Safer, who revealed a number of atrocities on the part of the American military was especially the target of government wrath. troops officials attempted to have him barred from the war zone and recalled by his news agency (Hammond). In order to keep public support behind the war, the government may wish to give the impressio n that the war effort is succeeding very well even when the facts are to the contrary. The government may try to qualify the broadcast of certain types of information such as causality figures. During the Vietnam War, the American forces were fighting a smaller, clandestine war in Laos.In order to maintain the news of this clandestine war becoming public, the casualty figures for the Vietnam war were expanded to include the casualties in Laos under the heading Casualties incurred by the US . military forcefulness in connection with the conflict in Vietnam (Hammond). During the present day Iraq and Afghanistan wars, the Bush government forbade the media from publishing photographs of flag draped coffins of American soldiers shipped back from Afghanistan and Iraq, on the root word that it would undermine the morale of the public.The government may also fear that news of military setbacks received by the national forces may turn public opinion against the war. In World War II, news of setbacks suffered by the US forces in the South Pacific were severely censored. If it became clear that there was no way to hide the news from being broadcasted, media sources would be instructed to wait until a victory had been achieved, the news of the setback in one area would then be paired up with the news of victory in another area to lessen the impact of the bad news (Carpenter).On occasion members of international media organizations may be regarded as a hostile force by a side in a conflict due to their refusal to ascribe to a code of self-censorship or due to perceived bias in their news reports. These media organizations may then face violence at the hands of military forces. The Qatari television channel Al-Jazeera may have been the object of this treatment in the present day Afghanistan and Iraq wars. In November 2001, a bomb dropped from a US warplane destroyed the Al-Jazeera office in Kabul.Al-Jazeera executives say that the US military had been informed of the coordinates of their office beforehand and that the bombing was deliberate (Wells). Al-Jazeera was again the alleged target of US attack in Iraq. Al-Jazeera interviewed confederate military personnel captured by Iraqi forces as well as the massive civilian losses caused by the allied bombing. Neoconservative intellectuals close to the Bush administration, such as Frank Gaffney advocated the use of the US military against Al-Jazeera, alleging that it was the mouthpiece of Saddam Hussein and al-Qaida.In November 2005, the British publication The Daily Mirror alleged the existence of a memo from the British Prime Ministers office that claimed that President Bush considered bombing al-Jazeera offices in Qatar in discussions with the Prime Minister Tony Blair and that Blair talked him out of it (Mcguire and Lines). The deport of war often becomes a point of contention between rival groups in a government, this may lead to politically motivated intentional leaks of polished information to the media.These leaks may consist of partial, distorted or fabricated information, giving people a distorted view of the reality of issues. Since news media organizations are forever and a day looking to gain an advantage over their competitors they may decide to publish this unverified information thereby becoming unwitting tools in the hands of a faction in the government. During the Iraq War, the identity of CIA operative Valerie Plame was leaked to the press, the leak was seen as a reprisal against Plames husband Joseph C.Wilson IV who had refuted President Bushs assertion that President Hussein of Iraq was seeking to build nuclear weapons in a column in Times (Werther). Modern news media attempts to serve several masters at once. In order to get to cover a war a make a profit they have to keep the military, the people, the administration and the affiliates happy. The professional office of a journalist to report only the truth often takes a backseat to these consideration s.

Literacy in India Essay

In todays perspective, literacy does not mean about the writing and reading capabilities only. It has gained a broader meaning. It claims to guide great deal towards awareness and the change which is infallible in order to achieve a better way of living. The National Literacy Mission was set up by Govt. of India on May 5th, 1988 with the aim to abrogate illiteracy from the country. The targeted group for the same was people belonging to the age group of 15 to 35 years. The literacy rate of India has been recorded 64. 84% (2001 census) against 52. 21% in 1991. It has been change magnitude by more than 12% in a decade.Also, the literacy rate is supposed to be around 70-72% by the end of 2010 (As estimated by National Sample Survey). notwithstanding the goal is yet to be achieved completely (i. e. to obtain 100% literacy). Right to education is one of the fundamental rights for the people. Education for all is the guardianship of UNESCO that has to be achieved by 2015. Currently, India falls below the threshold level of literacy rate i. e. 75%. The National Literacy Mission Authority has been working to achieve its goal since its establishment. NLMA (National Literacy Mission Authority) works infra(a) the ministry of Human Resource & Development.The Govt. of India has launched several schemes to achieve the goals of NLM. The initial target for NLM was to focus on the people belonging to the age group of 15 to 25 years. there were 80 million people falling under this age group. It was a big challenge to address such a huge lot of people about literacy and its benefits. In a way, it was quite different from all technology based or economic missions. It was conceived as a social mission by all and that helped NLM to achieve the success. The other significant factor was the political will of leaders at different levels at that time.The politicians and bureaucrats understood the importance of this mission and it has gained a whole hearted success in several st ates viz. Kerala, Tamilnadu, Rajasthan, Manipur etc. The idea was to convince people about their active participation, mobilization of social forces. Soon it became a national consensus. Thanks to the advertisements, sensitization of local leaders and peoples participation. Given below are some of the pioneers of success for National Literacy Mission Literacy campaigns take in been launched in almost 600 districts of India. The sanctioned products are supposed to cover 150 millions of neo-literates.125 million people have already been made literate under this mission. Female participation (60%) is better than the male participation (40%). No. of volunteers have been increased significantly to promote the programme and help the community. One of the biggest characteristic of literacy mission was to stimulate the entire community for putting the faith that learning & literacy should become the integral part of their lives. The method of operation has been to build and develop on sur roundings which is helpful to learn by the communities through their traditions & culture.

Market Structures and Pricing Essay

Market structures and pricingRevenuesConsumers* backward request curve gives entrustingness-to-pay* Benefit consumer(s) derive(s) from additional good* Area beneath inverse demand curve measures total willingness-to-pay, total benefit or total surplus. * Maximum price I support charge as manufacturing business determined by inverse demand function * Marginal revenues revenue of next unit I sellStrategies* reach maximisation* Marginal clams equal to 0 (MR=MC)* Classic economic theory entrepreneurial capitalism* Owner makes strategic decisions* Managerial capitalism* Ownership changed* Control changed* Potential conflicts mingled with sh atomic number 18holders and management * Firms got bigger coordinate difficulties* Revenues maximization* Decreasing revenues bad for image* Financial institutions want certainty* Low revenues mean relatively high lay on the line for suppliers * Low revenues may lead to bud hail cuts, including management * Bonus* MR=0* Marketing effort* Manag erial utility maximization* Managers maximize own triumph* Growth maximization* Long term strategy* Behavioral theories* Different groups, satisfy all groups to survive satisfying * Altruistic objectives public interest* wellbeing maximization* What strategy is relevant?* Autonomy and income advancement* Successful business is most important personal objective * Growth objective* Profit maximization* Model* Economic profit accounting profitMarket structures* Perfect competition* Monopolistic competition* Oligopoly* MonopolyPerfect competition* Many (small) suppliers and buyers price takes* solicit function for individual company* Products are perfect substitutes* Free entry and exit* Information is perfect (available to all no price)* Free movement of products sum up responsive to market forces * Innovation exogenous producers reactive rather than proactive.* Benchmark Welfare is maximized (p=mc)* Efficiency* Productive efficiency AC cannot be lower* MC curve passes though min imum of AC* Allocative efficiency resources are distributed and used as preferred by consumers P=MC * Pareto efficiency no one(a) can be made better off without making anyone else worse off.MonopolyOne seller can influence price ( sidetrack)Price marginal cost economic inefficiency (although the firm itself may beefficient) * Barriers to entry* Initial costs* Sunk costs* Brand loyalty* Economies of scale* Patents and licenses* Anti-competitive behaviorRevenues* Demand Q* Inverse demand P=a/b-1/b*Q* Revenues R = P*Q = Q*a/b-1/b*Q* Marginal revenue R/Q* Additional revenues from next unit exchange* R/Q = a/b-2/b*Q* Twice as steep as inverse demand* Positive if -1* Demand is elastic (point-elastic)Natural monopoly* Market can only sustain 1 producer* Competition (P=MC) all competitors make a loss* PMC loss when P help to sustain monopoly or oligopoly * establishment policy regulation* Spatial pre-emption new entrants do not have access to necessary inputs * Cost barriers* Reputati on customer loyalty, safety* plump barriers shrinking a firm is expensive (labor, capacity) * Entry-deterring strategies pricing, spare-capacity, corporate deals (price discrimination)Oligopoly non-corporate behavior* Competition based on output (quantity) or price.* Two basic oligopoly models* Cournot (quantity competition)* Bertrand (price competition)* Cournot firms determine output simultaneously, and the bring this to the market * Bertrand firms announce prices. Demand is allocated to low-price firm(s), who then produce(s) demandCournot competition* Assumes that firms produce identical products* Demand Q=a-b*P* Inverse demand P=a/b-1/b*Q* Now we have 2 producers (duopoly) P=a/b-1/b*(Q1+Q2)* Profits maximized when MR=MC (Equivalent to monopolists), taking the competitors action as given. * Inverse demand P=a/b-1/b*(Q1+Q2)* Revenues firm 1 R1=Q1*a/b-1/b*(Q1+Q2)* Marginal revenues MR1=a/b-1/b*(2*Q1+Q2)* Equilibrium MR1=MC1* Expression in Q1 and Q2* Similar expression for company 2* MR1 R1/Q1 =* P*Q1/Q1 + Q1*P/Q1* P + P/Q1*Q1* 1 + (P/Q1*Q1/P)*P* (1+1/p)*P* MR1=MC1 (1+1/p)*P=MC1* P=MC1/(1+1/p)* Cournot oligopolist sets price above MC* Same for monopolyBertrand oligopoly* Price competition (again assume identical goods)* Firms announce prices. Demand is allocated to low-price firm(s), who then produces demand. * If a firm sets above its competitors price, clients will prefer the competitors (identical goods). * Bertrand equilibrium is therefore equivalent to competitive equilibrium price equals marginal cost.Price discrimination* Conditions* Market power* Different groups of consumers (based on willingness-to-pay, demand elasticity etc.) - segmentation * Resale is not possible* Cost of discrimination may not exceed additional boodle * Market should be transparent.* Charge diametric (groups of) consumers different prices to maximize profits - price discrimination * First, second and third degreeFirst degree pricing discrimination* Perfect discrimination for each one unit of output sold at different price * Price determined by inverse demand curve* What is the optimal output? split second degree price discrimination* Non-linear pricing price depends on how much you buy* Fundamentals* Application* Consumer decides on how much to buy* Self survival of the fittest constraints* 2 consumers each spends Ri to receive Xi* Buy Xi if benefitsi (Xi)-Ri 0* Benefits 1 (X1)-R1 benefits1 (X2)-r2* Benefits 2 (X2)-R2 benefits2 (X2)-r1* Consider an individual demand function (for convenience, marginal costs are 0) * Monopolists want to supply X1 at a total price of A* Consider two individual demand functions* Monopolist would like to supply X1 at A+B+C and X2 at A* But if consumer 1 also purchase X2 at a price of A, he/she will get surplus B (self selection) * If the monopolists would charge A+C for X1, consumer 1 gets surplus B and the monopolist higher profits. Can themonopolist get higher profits? * Make X2 unattractive for consumer 1* Offering les s of X2 (loss of monopolist) allows for higher profits from X1.Third degree price discrimination* Set prices for different groups of consumers examples?Summary* Profit maximization* Monopoly, perfect competition two extremes.* Regulation of monopoly incentives.* Cournot oligopoly* decide on production, then price determined in market * Cournot ologipolist has monopoly power (pmc)* Bertrand* decide on price, then output determined in market p = mc * Price discrimination* Higher profits* Market power

Was Alexander Really Great?

prominentness is an umbrella name that can hold several different meanings and interpretations. In the case of black lovage the Great, it has a very particular proposition meaning that reflects upon the achievements and success of his life time, despite the many character flaws and failings he undoubtedly possessed. Alexander the Great definitely deserves this appellation for three main reasons. Firstly, he surmounted an incredibly vast area for his young bestride and lack of experience secondly he left his mark on society which has lasted till modern- mean solar day day and thirdly he completely revolutionized army techniques and styles.Firstly, Alexander the Great fought in horrific battles that rewarded him with a huge amount of land, resources and prosperity. He engaged in conflicts including the Battle of Granicus, Battle of Isus and the Battle of Tyre, leading him to conquer nations now known as Turkey,Israel, Lebanon, Syria, and a large portion of India. His ambition ce rtainly paid off, and as Arrian, an historian living at the time of Alexander wrote, He would always have searched beyond for something unknown, and if thither had been no other competition, he would have competed against himself. This source is quite reliable, as it reinforces other accounts of his attitude correctly, stock-still Arrian basically recorded all the conquests of Alexander the Great, so it whitethorn be influenced or recorded with a certain bias that Alexander himself imposed. Secondly, Alexander the Great helped to establish Greek society and spread it over the world. He single handedly created a culture that has maintained itself till this very day. It truly is a outstanding feat to form a society, including language, etiquette, customs and traditions that will last thousands and thousands of years.Historian Professor Paul Cartledge stated in his manuscript Hunting for a New Past the great leaders achievements both in his lifetime and posthumously are simply stag gering, as they have lasted the generations to still be evident today. Cartledges opinion, although we must stay on in mind it is only his opinion, is certainly reliable as he is a modern day expert on Greek culture and greek history, quoting in an edited and published official manuscript.Lastly, the host wisdom and knowledge that Alexander the Great not only possessed, but created himself, is astounding. The number of battles and wars he intend and executed is truly great, and especially in such a successful manner. This is one of his greatest attributes, and the expertness he is most remembered for. A tapestry called Alexander the Great in Battle, discovered in 1661 by archaeologist Charles le Brun, reflects upon this concept. It depicts Alexander riding into battle and slaying his enemy with strategy and premeditated decision.Although it may be not completely reliable as it seems to portray the romantic myth of Alexander as a ferocious and fearless warrior, it does hold a c oncise example of his skill in military prowess. Overall, Alexander the Great deserves his namesake because despite having many character flaws, he was an exceptional man who achieved some astounding feats. The vast land he conquered at such a young age, as well as his long lasting impacts on Greek society, and finally his military intelligence and success prove that Alexander truly was a great individual.

Gender segregation in children Essay

According to research children establish and maintain same sexual activity relationships, the run in groups which are generally composed of their own gender. sexuality requisition has been observed in children as young as three years. Gender segregated social groups among children is significant within the segregated groups since children do experience divergent world from other peers and they have an opportunity to shoot gender typed skills, roles, characteristics which are deemed by society.Gender segregation among children leads to various patterns of social interactions and play experiences promoting differences in their social, intellectual, and emotional maturement (Kimberley, 1995, p. 61). Children interaction is different depending on whether is a girl or a boy. Gender segregation is aroundly influenced by saying of social interactions mainly during preschool activities. Cognition on play partners on children correlates with charterences of play partners. Social cognition accounts for changes in age in sex segregation (Martin, 1999, p. 751). Different interactive styles of children of different gendersThis examines individual variations in child pretense play and expression emerging mental representation. Children develop different interactive styles which are to some level at odds. Boys and girls react differently to situations with boys being more resistant and avoidance than girls (Martin, 1999, p. 755). There is a gender open frame in the interactive styles among children. Child solitary play child are initiated y their mothers with maternal ostensorium and solicitation. Mother symbolic and children language positively influence collaborative child play with verbal discussion from child solitary play (Kimberley, 1995, p. 62).Different language/communication styles of children of different genders Communication language has been ground to be harder in girls than in boys. Girls have significantly greater activation language areas in t heir brains compared to boys. Boys gabble more and they are more assertive regarding their social interactions compared to girls (Kimberley, 1995, p. 62). Children stereotype believes about different gender roles Children learn mostly from parents with differences on how boys and girls behave being facilitated by differences on how they are treated by parents, teachers and friends (Martin, 1999, p. 760).Gender have differences on different issues like aggression, learning and they differently react to different situations (Kimberley, 1995, p. 64) Different preferences of different toys by different gender All over the world boys and girls play with different types of toys. Boys mostly prefer cars and trucks while girls prefer dolls. This is so because sociologically boys and girls are encouraged to play with different types of toys by their peers, parents or the society (Kimberley, 1995, p. 67). Theoretical (biological, social, ethnic, etc. ) explanations for the gender difference sSex is believed to be natural but gender is cultural and a social construction. Differences among individuals in different gender are attributed to their choices but the differences are mainly as a result of gender conditioning. They undermine common humanity and individual freedom (Kimberley, 1995, p. 69). Children learn most things from their parents, teachers and peers. Socialization brings about sex role attitude. Parental influence changes children attitudes. Children behave based on their gender is also influenced by parents, teachers and media (Martin, 1999, p. 762).Annoted Bibliography Kimberley, K., (1995), Gender segregating among children understanding the Cootie Phenomena, Journal of young children, Vol. 50, no 4, pp. 61-69 This articles reviews on development of gender role and discusses on how boys and girls are different. It discusses on gender segregation on why children choose playmates of the same sex, how they develop different interactive styles, differ in thei r communication language, how they have different roles in their stereotype believes, how they differ in their preferences on toys and the theoretical explanation of gender differences.Martin, C. , Fabes, R. , Evans, S. , Wyman, H. , & Fabes, R. , (1999), Social Cognition on the Playground Children Beliefs about Playing with Girls versus Boys and Their Relations to Sex Segregated Play, Journal of Social & Personal Relationships, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 751-771 This article argues on individual variation in child pretense play as expression of emerging mental representation. There is family sociodemographic characteristic, maternal affective, maternal personological and cognitive play behaviors among children. According to this article, cognitive advantages on child play and maternal influences on child play which is put in the framework of accommodative parenting.

Automobile Industry in Bangldesh Essay

1. 1 Introduction flop off days education is not just confined to books and classrooms. Internship is such a program that helps to rise the take up intercourseledge and understanding of the courses and to enforce them in a practical written report. Internship training gives this opportunity to be enmeshed in an organization where it is viable to throw off an experience of the real business valet and to see incompatible practical aspects of education. Marketing surgical incision of Chittagong University is committed to produce merchandiseing professionals for the grocery store who go forthing not wholly benefit the society as a whole solely also make path of a better future for the next generation.Internship program is a step towards fulfill this commitment by enceinte the students an opportunity to give out ready for the real world before they enter into it. 1. 2 look into bulge out This research is a destiny of the internship program for my MBA program. My sup ervisor Professor A. J. M. Nuruddin Chowdhury assigned me the topic. I nurse seek my level best to make it as an excellent one. I spendd all told told the latest info and information. I direct been serving this company as an intern under sales & Marketing Department for two months. I got privilege to charge latest data.My job responsibility is to create relationship with our make and potential customers, sales produces and provide do time to time by giving latest carrefours information. So, I am getting the opportunity to be very close to the customer. I have the idea why customer choose, the reason of leave and the reason of using pragoti Industries Product. My supervisor Mr. Khayrul Haue officer of Sales & Marketing Department guides me time to time to make this report fruitful. 1. 3 Research Objectives The main objective lens of this report is to have an assessment close to overall activities of sales & marketing department.How they manage all the ex variety sho w process, what serve it is providing to the customer and how agents atomic play 18 getting benefit from it and finally what is the gain for pragoti from this project, in short how it is contact up the requirements of the three stakeholders of the company. The objectives of the study be as fol execrable To get the practical experience by doing job with expert of sales & marketing manager. To understand the sweat structure of PIL. To understand the channels of PIL. To ascertain the yieldion process & know the inputs procurement system, w atomic flesh 18housing system and the selling and distri bution system of the company. To know the marketing and pricing policies of their products To know about the products & the quality of products produced by the company. To know the accounting system and the hydrofoil in the preparation of the financial statements. To know the application of the Corpo appreciate Governance in PIL To produce a report that will give a guide bir th to the future researchers or customers of the Pragoti Industries Ltd on the antithetical aspects that atomic number 18 covered in this report. Finally, to suggest the management with whatsoever recommendations so that the management fire identify some of the faulty aras in the organization and initiate necessary steps to bring changes in those atomic number 18as. 1. 4 Research Methodology The current study is conducted primarily in participatory research analysis method and thirdhand on practical and theoretical analysis. The research supervisor proposed research topic. Primary and secondary data was sedate from every possible source. The primary sources be as follows Observation of the production and management firmament of the company. opposite conversation with the respective offices and stuffs of the perseverance. Related field study as provided by the officer concerned. The secondary sources of data and the information are Web site address Book basis articles Internal magazine write out by PIL Different brochures of PIL Information provided by my supervisor 1. 5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY This internship report covers all the aspects of retail environment from all the three perspective, UBL, retailers and agent. This report also gives an overview about the company like about the mission and goals of the company, the marketing mix & the strategies, competitive strategies etc.This report has been prepared through extensive give-and-take with the customer, sales growth manager, and agent and with the early(a) stakeholder. While preparing this report, I had a huge opportunity to have an in depth knowledge of sales activities of the Pragoti Industries Ltd. It also helped me to acquire a first-hand perception of a leaders state run move indus bear witness in Bangladesh. 1. 6 Limitation of the Study I have tried my best to adopt the maximum information from the authority, management, production department and marketing department.But I ha ve faced the following problems To make a report it is very trouble full to collect the information from various personal for the job constrain. Planning & production departments has no allow for maintenance of planning procedure and articles. season is not sufficient for various activities to prepare a report. Non-avail mightiness of published data. Information was not provided ascribable to business secrecy. Lack of adequate knowledge about research by brand- newfound employee Non-availability of secondary data. Chapter- 2 Literature Review 2. 1 Introduction.Bangladesh is all in all under sustained in the sector of travel industry. As It has no rail machine industry, the sector is totally depended on import, except a few automobile-assembling units. Due to attach tally of convey, requirement and increased every social class it has to import a huge amount of automobiles from the former(a) countries. But in recent times, Bangladesh automobile industry is turning a round, as a result local and foreign investor are interest about this sector for investment. So the sector has a great potential difference and vista in the development.Pragoti is the only state own automobile company in Bangladesh and it do & repair only government related automation production. Bangladesh machine tools Factory (BMTF) was establish in February 11, 1979 and it is the commercial automobile assembly plant, maintain by Bangladesh Army, especially for defense industry. Walton & Aftab is the largest Bangladeshi private automobile company in Bangladesh. Walton Company establish a large plant for motorcycle production, on the other hand Aftab automobile is famous for bus accessories assembling. pic.Mitsubishi Pajero will be assembling in Bangladesh Mitsubishi Pajero, Hino Bus, Tata bus/Truck, Proton automobile manufacturing business company already buildup their production assemble plant in Bangladesh and here is the important news, nest Dhaka, location name is Dolaik hal, is the largest automobile market in Bangladesh for expire & new automobile parts. 2. 2 Bangladesh to the highest degree popular Automobile company List Aftab Automobiles Pragoti TagAZ Bangladesh (Proposed) Mitsubishi Pajero Walton Bangladesh Machine Tools Factory 2. 3 Auto parts market of Bangladesh.Bangladesh automobile industry is not a coarse industry and maximum automobile parts are imported from other countries . Besides, there is no quality local manufacturer of parts and components. So, parts and components are principally imported from countries like Japan, UK, Taiwan, China, Korea, Malaysia, USA, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, etc. The market of parts and components of this realm is very small but expanding rapidly. Commercial importers import a bulk amount of parts and components that are distributed through wholesalers and retailers.Final users get the parts from the retailers and the retailers buy parts from the importers. However, there are also importers wh o have their own retail outlets. An assembler may also be an importer who requires a large quantity of parts and components for its assembling unit. A express mail number of commercial importers import parts and components from different sources. In closely cases, the assembler imports parts and components from the nation where the brand is rootageated. well-nigh assemblers even purchase parts and components directly from the big importers. at that place is another crowd within the distribution channel of parts and components i. e. auto servicing centers like garage, mechanical workshop, body mental synthesis units, etc. The servicing centers purchase parts from the whole seller as well as from the retailer. death users get parts and components from retailers dealing in different type and brand of automobile. Although no local manufacturer of quality parts does exist, but active negotiations are going on to touch on up interchangeable venture parts and component manufactur ing units with China, Korea and Taiwan.Present structure of parts and components market is graphically paraden under pic In Bangladesh, neither we have an automobile industry nor a quality auto parts industry. So, the people of Bangladesh have no clear idea about the automobile industry or auto parts and components and their usage. The market of auto parts and components is influenced by couple of elements.People while purchase auto parts and components, they are influenced by several factors and these auto servicing centers, workshop and garage, motor pool managers, Institutional Importers (i. e.embassy), retailers, agents of branded automobile, 2. 4 Domestic parts and components industry Presently, there is no well-organized and quality manufacturer of parts and components in Bangladesh. Some low quality indigenous manufacturing of parts and components are there but they are gondola carried out against circumstantial order to meet emergency requirement. There is no mass produc tion to meet the requirements. Given below is some idea of what the local manufacturers try to produce Filters, radiators, radiator hoses, air filter housing Brake pads, brake drum, brake discElectrical parts such as outpouring, horn, wiring, wiper and washer assembly, head lights and other lights Trim and upholstery such as carpet, floor mat, rear parcel shelf, seat assembly, safety belt and move damping sheet popular parts such as paint and thinner, under seal, tires and tube, and mirrors. Chapter- 3 Growth & maturation of Automobile Industry in Bangladesh 3. 1 Bangladesh Automobile Prospect Bangladesh has a great prospect and potentiality in the development of automobile industry there has been an increase trend in the use of all sorts of automobiles/vehicles in Bangladesh.However, the increased contract of individual types of automobile varies from case to case. As a result of increasing admit of individual the annual demand for automobile is increasing with a great speed an statistic show the demand has increased into 30 percent than the last year with the Improvement of roads and highways and increased number of bridge and culverts are also responsible for motivating people to buy vehicles for their day to day activities. again the Improvement of life style in the urban areas is also responsible for the development automobile industry .With the passage of time the living standard of widely distributed people of BD has increased and they also turn into low class to middle class, middle class to upper class and in recent times the amount of upper middle class has increased which means additive demand for automobile There are also some another key reason for whom Bangladesh has a great potentiality in this industry. They are mentioned below Government annual development plan has accustomed priority on development of automobile industry Special attraction for Japan made vehicles Withdrawn of Rickshaw gradually. Getting popularity of Small car/s ports vehicle Rent-a-car getting popularity Reduction of tax on the new motor vehicles Govt. initiative to ball up 10,000 commercial vehicles Expanded and increased volume of export and import 3. 2 Comparative scenario of different types of automobiles in Bangladesh A comparative scenario of different vehicles and their usage trend may be explained as below (a) motorcycle The use of motorcycle in Bangladesh is increasing day by day by a new group of users. Motorcycle is extensively used in Bangladesh in some(prenominal)(prenominal) rural and urban areas.The use of motorcycle has gradually increased in Bangladesh due to easy to drive easy access to remote location cheapest transport Longevity of the vehicle easy to handle and park at any place. The general users are the students, individual businessmen, officials of marketing companies and pharmaceutical industries. everyplace the last one and a half decades, the field level officials of different non- government organizati ons have been using a large number of motorcycles. In Bangladesh, both locally assembled motorcycle and imported motorcycle are available for intending users as detailed below(i) topically assembled motorcycle master(prenominal)ly, there are about 20 locally assembled brands. For example ATLAS, EMMA, NITOL and SINGER. List of the local motorcycle assembling houses is given in the annex. (ii) Imported motorcycle There are at least 7-8 different regular brands of motorcycle and these are Honda CD 80, Yamaha, Suzuki from Japan, Xinfu, Jangshen, Jailing, Hero, TVS Victor, Yamaha, Suzuki, Bajaj, Vespa, etc. (b) Auto ricksha / Three wheelers There has been a phenomenal increase in the number of auto rickshaw and tampoo in Bangladesh. Now, it is an important vehicle in Bangladesh.Low and middle class family members mainly use these vehicles. But, the government of Bangladesh has already banned these two vehicles to ward off environmental pollution. It is estimated that presently there a re 160,000 auto rickshaws including unauthorized units in Dhaka City alone. There has been a phenomenal. However, efficacious maiden September,2002, the two stroke auto rickshaw will be totally banned, which is expected to dramatically reduce the requirement of parts for these type of vehicles, but increase demand for the new CNG auto rickshaw and three stroke auto rickshaws will be there with increased demand for parts and components.(c) Motorcars Increased demand, economic development and changed life style have resulted in a great increase in the number of motor cars and the demand for motor cars is still increasing day by day. Both brand new and reconditioned cars are imported into the country. Statistics show that majority of the people usually favor reconditioned motorcars much than brand new cars due to lower terms. In Bangladesh, more than 65% of the total motorcars are coming from Japan. Many Bangladeshis living in Japan involve themselves in reconditioned car busines s.Recently, the government has put an age restriction on the import of reconditioned motor cars. Reconditioned cars more than 3 years old can not be imported. The government has also reduced the duties and taxes on the import of new cars to discourage reconditioned car import. Impact is that people now can buy new cars at a reasonable price having longer durability. The government has introduced new system of travelcab in 1998. As a result, the number of motorcars has been increasing. But, the requirement of spare parts and components will be lesser.Again, after the 1st September 2002, the ban of auto rickshaw will lead to a significant increase in motorcars mainly in the form of taxi cabs. Use of motorcars has increased tremendously, which is evident from the statistics for the last five years shown in the chart below (d) commence & doughy commercial vehicles (bus, minibus, truck, pick-up, etc) Like the motorcar, there has been an increasing trend in the number of light and heav y commercial vehicles that include mini bus, bus, human howlers, passenger carriers, trucks, pick-ups, covered vans, large covered vans, etc.Over the last one decade, the use of these types of vehicles has increased at a high rate. This is due to increased demand for the these types of vehicles/automobiles effectively backed by institutional financial support to procure them. This festering rate will continue to increase in the near future. The average growth rate is 5. 63% and 4,644 in the number of vehicles annually. (e) Farm and clownish equipment/vehicles Also, there is an increasing trend in the number of farm and agricultural equipment/vehicles due to increased application of modern tools and techniques in farming and agricultural production.Now-a-day, agricultural vehicles like force out tiller, tractor and trailers are being used in the rural areas more frequently than the past. During the last one decade, various agricultural development projects funded by the different donor agencies have been implemented in the rural areas and under those programs, the farmers were given financial facilities through NGOs and banks to procure modern agricultural equipment including farm vehicles. One of the key elements that made this possible is the availability of lease financing facilities in the country and the large amount of agricultural credit funds.It has been ascertained that there is a reasonable growth in the number of agricultural equipment every year. This growth rate will continue to increase in the near future provided there is no drastic change in the government policy relating to agricultural sector like reduction in the subsidy and service and low cost fund for the farmers. The average annual growth rate is 2. 5% and 125 in number of vehicles every year. 3. 3 Estimated demand of automobile /vehicles in Bangladesh.Taking into believeation the future prospects and also keeping the resent growth pace influenced by various elements discussed earlie r, it is expected that there would an superfluous increase in the use of vehicles. In view of the possible new avenues and prospects and looking into the weighted average growth rate of 6%, table below shows estimated demand for the next five years. Table Projected demand of automobile /vehicles in Bangladesh Vehicle/Year Taxi Bus/ Minibus Tractor 3,646 Headquarters 11, Agrabad C/A, Finley House (3rd floor) P.O. buffet no. 73 Chittagong4100, Bangladesh Location of the factory Barabkund, Dhaka-Chittagong Highway, Sitakund, Chittagong. Year of establishment 1966 under private ownership Nationalized Time After liberation of Bangladesh on 11th May, 1972 Types of operation Assembling the Transport Vehicles Operated By Bangladesh Steel and applied science Corporation under the Ministry of industry Company Type Autonomous Initial Authorized Capital 20 Cores, Divided into 20,00,000 shares tk100/- Paid-up Capital.25 Lakhs, Divided into 25,000 no. of Ordinary Shares. Produ cts Car Assembling, Automotive Parts Main sources of CMD Kits from Vauxhall Motors of England American Motors Corporation (AMC) of USA Isuzu Motors Corporation, Mitsubishi Motors Corporation, Nissan & Toyota Motors of Japan KIA Motors, Daewoo Motors of Korea Aelous, Dong Feng of China HML TATA, Swaraj Mazda, Mahindra & Mahindra, Maruti, Eicher and Ashok Leyland of India Recent Initiative A CNG communication Unit is established in Tejgoan Workshop at Dhaka. Nature of Business Govt. approved automobiles marketing company, repair Distributor of Isuzu, Suzuki vehicles from Japan and Bajaj, Swaraj Mazda & Maruti vehicles from India. Parts & Accessories, Sawafuji & Suzuki Generator from Japan, Scott & English industrial Generator from Singapore & G. S. Automotive battery from Indonesia Initial production capa urban center (Approximately) 200 Present production capacity (Approximately) 900 Logo pic Website http//www. bsec. gov. bd/html/ent_progoti.php .4. 2 Aim of Pr agoti Industries Limited The sky is not the limit for them but their expectations are within limit. Their imagination soars beyond conventional barriers. They share their destiny with their beloved motherland. They want to serve her the better in the greater pursuit for national economic emancipation.. 4. 3 Mission of PIL We shall be at the forefront of automobile industry development by Anticipating automobiles required by all our customers everywhere and innovatively supplying them beyond expectation. Setting industry benchmarks of world class standard in delivering customer value through our encyclopedic product range, customer service and all our activities Building an exciting team-based working environment that will attract, develop and retain employees of exceptional ability who help celebrate the success of our business, of our customers and of national development Maintaining the highest ethical standards and a community responsibility magna cum laude of a leading cor porate citizen Continuously improving productivity and profitability. 4. 4 Vision of PIL.To be in thee forefront of national development by providing all the customers inspirational strength, dependable support and the most comprehensive range of vehicle solutions, through our team of professionals who work passionately to be outstanding in everything we do. 4. 5 Organizational structure of the Pragoti Industries Ltd. (Agrabad Branch) Branches of Pragoti Industries Limited Chittagong Office 11, Agrabad C/A, Finley House (3rd floor), post box no. 73, Chittagong. yield Factory Barabkund, Dhaka-Chittagong Highway, Sitakund, Chittagong. Dhaka Office 151-152, Tejgaon C/A, Dhaka-1208.Pragoti Industries Limited (Local Management) Name Position Engr. Md. Nazmul Huda Managing manager Md. Mustafizur Rahman General passenger vehicle ( Marketing & Admin) Engr. Md. Ali Chowdhury Addl. Chief Engineer (purchase) Engineer Nizamul Haque Addl. Chief Engineer (In charge Plant) Dr. Zubaid-Ur-Ra hman Addl. Chief Medical police officer Md. Ashraful Haider Khandaker DGM (Com) Md. Golam Nabi Deputy Chief Accounts Officer Md. Faridul Islam DGM (com) Dhaka Office Board of Directors (PIL Company Board) Sl. Name Designation 1 Md. Ataur Rahman Chairman Chairman, BSEC. Telephone88-02-8114616, 8112808. 2 Mr. Md. Forhad Uddin Director Addl. Secretary, Ministry of Industries. Telephone 88-02-9563561, 7194156 (Res. ) 3 Mr. P R Borua Director Rtd. DIG. call back 88-02-8912414 4 Mr. Sheikh Md. Mobarak Hossain. Director Director (Planning & Development), BSEC Telephone 88-02-8130473, 9338429 5 Mr. A T M Pearul Islam Director Telephone 88-02-8122898, 9348371 Cell 01711895957 6 Mr. Capt. (Retired) K. A. K. Modabber Hossain Director Secretary , BSEC Telephone 88-02-8121451Res 8757332 7 Mr.Dider Mohammad Abdur Rab Director Genarel Manager, Office of the General Manager, Sonali Bank Ltd,Chittagong. 8 Engr. A. k. M. Solayman Haque Managing Dir ector Managing Director, Pragoti Industries Ltd. Telephone 88-031-723110, 725712 9 Mr. Md. Helal Uddin Director General Manager, Janata Bank Ltd, Divisional Office, 27 Agrabad C/A, Chittagong. Chapter- 5 Marketing organization of pragoti industry The Marketing & Sales Department of PIL is one of the most important departments of PIL.In this department, there are one DGM (Depute general manager), two assistant manager and foursome executives. They are smart, energetic, experienced and high educated. They are capable of handling clients and selling the products in the efficient and effective way. pic Role & Responsibilities of Marketing & Sales Department ? Providing Quotation among prospect about inquiry. ? Receiving order from different prospect or customer. ? Selecting specific model for customer from factory on behalf of their choice. ? Direction to factory engineer for made up pre requisite model base on customer choice. ? Delivery the order pre specific date. ? Receiving product price through hard currency, chque, or money receipt. ? Deposit that amount into accounts department. ? Attending seminar, symposium as part of marketing activities. ? Input all of sales & money receipt in respective journal. Chapter- 6 Marketing ripple strategies of Pragoti Industries 6. 1 Product As we have known that Pragoti industries limited does not produce auto mobiles but only assembles the auto mobiles. After assembling it mainly markets the following products Product name and model, origin of CKD & country of origin Sl No Product name stick Origin of CKD ( ClOSE KNOCK DOWN) Country of origin 1 MITSUBISHI PAJERO 4.4 LWB WGON MITSUBISHI MOTOR JAPAN V31VHNDKB CORPORATION 2 MITSUBISHI PAJERO KH4WGNMR MITSUBISHI MOTOR JAPAN CR-45 CORPORATION 3 TATA TC BUS LP01316 TC TATA engine room & INDIA LOCOMOTIVE COMPANY LTD. 4 TATA miniskirt TRUCK LPT 709 TATA ENGINEERING & INDIA LOCOMOTIVE COMPANY LTD. 5 ASHOK LEYLAND MINI TRUCK HR-55 ASHOK LEYLAND LTD INDIA 6 NISSAN NAVARA PIC UP YD25DDTI NISSAN MOTORS LTD. JAPAN 7 MITSUBISHI MICROBUS L-300 P13WHLNDER MITSUBISHI MOTOR JAPAN CORPORATION Pragoti Industries ltd. Product name, model & Specification/FeaturesSl No Product Name Model Specification/Features 1 MITSUBISHI PAJERO 4. 4 LWB WGON Long wheel base, 5 door, 9 determine ( approved by BRTA), Petrol engine 4. 4, 4 cylinder, V31VHNDKB 86 k. w. long horse power/117 PS/5500 RPS, drive by even off hand, hard top metal, 2350 CC, wheel base 2725 m. m. , digital clock, cigarette lighter, fold belt, power steering, 1 additional wheel with cover. Co lour BLACK 2 MITSUBISHI PAJERO CR-45 KH4WGNMR Long wheel base, 5 door, 7 set ( approved by BRTA), Diesel engine 4 WD, 4 cylinder, 100 k. w.horse power/136 PS/3500 RPS, drive by right hand, hard top metal, 2477 CC, wheel base 2800 m. m. , power steering, 1 additional wheel with cover. Co lour BLACK,SILVER 3 TATA TC BUS LP01316 TC Tata LPO -1316/55TC,52 set Deluxe bus, power steering, 4*2, Drive by right hand,6 cylinder, horse power 160PS/K. W120/2500 RPM, Water cold, Diesel engine, Wheel bestial 5545 CC,1additionl wheel. 4 TATA MINI TRUCK LPT 709 Tata LPT-709 EX, 3. 5 ton truck chassis, 4. *2, 4 cylinder, 3783 CC, Turbo Charge inter cooled, diesel motor engine, Drive by right hand, Wheel Base 3400 CC, output 66.3 km,90 PS/2400RPS,1additionl wheel. 5 ASHOK LEYLAND MINI Truck HR-55 HR-55 in 1. 5 ton mini truck chassis, 4 cylinder, 2771 CC in line over heed volt direct injection, water cold, diesel engine, power steering, output 59 k. w/3600RPM, 6 NISSAN NAVARA PIC UP YD25DDTI Double Cabin 4/4, Dingell pick up,2488 (2500) CC, 4 Door, 5set with driver, power steering, 128 horse power/4000 RPS, Wheel Base 3200, radio, Digital Clock, CD player, power Window, Bumper 7 MITSUBISHI MICROBUS P13WHLNDER 5 door (Sliding both side), 12 set ( approved by BRTA), 4.2 cylinder, 86 k. w. L-300 horse power/114 PS/5750 RPS, drive by right hand, hard top metal, power steering, 1 additional wheel with cover, bilt in ac . Co lour WHITE 6. 2 Services In case of providing services Pragoti industries limited is not exception. Like other automobiles industries it provides services which are followings every product has one year warrantee. All repairmen services are provided through 7 (seven) servicing agents of Pragoti Industries Ltd which are situated at Dhaka and Chittagong. A. Dhaka city No. of agents -05.The servicing agents are at Motijeel, Fakirarpul, Tejgaon, Baridhara and Tongi. B. Chittagong City No. of servicing agents 02. The servicing agents are at Sholoshahar and Jamal Khan Lane Product. 6. 3 Pricing Price is the element of the marketing mix that produces revenue the other elements produce costs. Price is the easiest marketing mix elements to adjust product features, channel, and even promotion take more time. Price also communicates to the market the companys in tended value position of its product and brand. Companies set prices by selecting a general pricing approach that includes one or more of three sets of factors.We realise these approaches the cost base approach (cost plus pricing, break-even analysis, and target profit pricing) the buyer-based approach (value-based pricing) and the competition-based approach (going rate and pie-eyed bid pricing) Pragotis pricing Method Pragoti fo0llows the cost- based method in setting prices of all its products. They consider different prices and estimate break-even volumes, probable demand, and profits for each. Pragoti Industries ltd. Product name, price per unit & payment terms Sl No Product Name Price per unit Payment terms 1 MITSUBISHI PAJERO 4.4 55,00,000 Fully cash 3,05,000 Total=58,05,000 2 MITSUBISHI PAJERO CR-45 75,00,000/= Fully cash 76,000/= With additional fittings Total=75,76,000 3 TATA TC BUS 24,58,000 35% in down payment, additional 65% paid 18% interest wit h 36 monthly installment. 4 TATA MINI TRUCK 16,50,000 Fully cash 5 ASHOK LEYLAND MINI Truck 16,50,000 Fully cash 6 NISSAN NAVARA PIC UP 41,72,000 Fully cash 7 MITSUBISHI MICROBUS 28,50,000 Fully cash L-300 6. 4 PromotionIn recent time marketing not only calls for just developing a good product but also pricing it attractively and making it available to the targeted customer. Companies also must communicate with their customers and they try to create a good customer relation among them. To communicate well, the firm often hires advertising agencies to develop effective advertisement, give appointment to active experienced officers and executives, give on line services to the big businessmen or organization, and create a private relationship with clients. As PIL assembles automobiles for selective customers it spends less than the others.It mainly uses two types promotion. They are Consumer promotion tools & Advertising 6. 4. 1 Consumer promotion tools Short term incen tive to aid the sales of service or products of the firm is called sales promotion. PIL uses the following Consumer promotion tools they are Price crime syndicate At the time of festival PIL erect some special discount for Suzuki vehicles. Cash refund offer PIL still thinking about it. Patronage reward For corporate sales (Huge quantity) special discount offering. 6. 4. 2 Advertising advert is the fine art of convincing people that the doors to open standards are never closed.The Advertisement plan & campaign plan are similar in outline & structure. It matches the right audience to the right Message & represents it in the right medium to reach that audience. Objective of advertising plan are pee-pee awareness among 60% of target audience. Pragoti industries use the following media for advertising its products. They are Newspaper Advertise publish in The Daily Newspaper with multi colour, regarding after sales service facilities. Direct mail New products memorandum sends by d irect mail with product specification, advantage and design.Calendar Every year Pragoti Publishes colourful and attractive calendar with picture of their products. Direct mail New products catalogue sends by direct mail with product specification. Advertising problems PIL often can not advertise in the media since it is very expensive and difficulty in the corporate level. Finance 6. 4. 3 Distribution Channel nigh of the Producers use intermediaries to bring their products to market. They try to forge a distribution channela set of mutually beneficial organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user.The distribution functions of PIL are made by 32 dealers. Functions of the dealers Sell the cars to the private company, people or NGO which are produced by the 1st party. Here Pragoti is the 1st party, They cannot sell other companys cars except the Pragoti within the duration of the contract, The full payment will be collected by them from the buyers, Help the buyers in taking permission from BRTA, Will sell at least 40 cars within the deed duration, The performance will be evaluated after 6 months. franchise will be cancelled if they fail to achieve the quota.

Learning

Dear Mrs.. Bailey, Im looking forward to acquiring new skills and strategies to apply, non unaccompanied in my pursuit of higher(prenominal) education, but in every aspect of my life. Ive always been an avid learner, ensnare to soak up friendship and neckledge every chance I get. larn new things has been a major interest of mine for as long as I can remember, which is saying solelyot, because I actually have a few memories from when was a toddler. Throughout my early years in school, I was a straight A student who picked up on everything right away.My love of acquiring and share knowledge continues to grow as time passes. Though am quite aware that I am mentally capable of accomplishing some(prenominal) feat of intellectual nature performed by any man forwards me, I am near enough to admit that face some formidable adversaries inside myself. cosmos diagnosed with depression adds several obstacles within itself. For starters, waking up isnt always as easy as it may be fo r some others. At times, it can take a self- talking, convincing yourself that you have to get up, and in severe cases not evening that works.The challenges associated with Major Depression are too numerous to name in this passage. No matter which symptoms arise, I know I must overcome them because depression is a diagnosis I live with, not who I am. Though I am quite adept at learning and applying new knowledge, I know that there is always room for improvement, as no-one knows everything and no-one is perfect. Being a quick study affords me the proceeds need to stay relevant in the ever-changing world of business concern and technology.And, even though I am quite knowledgeable in many areas, I know that the benefits of following the curriculum effectuate forth will further prepare me for the life I call for my family and myself by refining and enhancing the knowledge I already possess and adding I wealth of knowledge I have yet to attain. I would like to take this time to tha nk you in advance for all of your assistance during this journey I am embarking on and hope you have a great day.LearningDear Mrs.. Bailey, Im looking forward to acquiring new skills and strategies to apply, not only in my pursuit of higher education, but in every aspect of my life. Ive always been an avid learner, ready to soak up information and knowledge every chance I get. Learning new things has been a major interest of mine for as long as I can remember, which is saying allot, because I actually have a few memories from when was a toddler. Throughout my early years in school, I was a straight A student who picked up on everything right away.My love of acquiring and sharing knowledge continues to grow as time passes. Though am quite aware that I am mentally capable of accomplishing any feat of intellectual nature performed by any man before me, I am honest enough to admit that face some formidable adversaries within myself. Being diagnosed with depression adds several obstacles within itself. For starters, waking up isnt always as easy as it may be for some others. At times, it can take a self- talking, convincing yourself that you have to get up, and in severe cases not even that works.The challenges associated with Major Depression are too numerous to name in this passage. No matter which symptoms arise, I know I must overcome them because depression is a diagnosis I live with, not who I am. Though I am quite adept at learning and applying new knowledge, I know that there is always room for improvement, as no-one knows everything and no-one is perfect. Being a quick study affords me the advantage need to stay relevant in the ever-changing world of business and technology.And, even though I am quite knowledgeable in many areas, I know that the benefits of following the curriculum set forth will further prepare me for the life I want my family and myself by refining and enhancing the knowledge I already possess and adding I wealth of knowledge I have yet to attain. I would like to take this time to thank you in advance for all of your assistance during this journey I am embarking on and hope you have a great day.