How Nike Changed Its Expansion Strategy - 1362 Words

†¢ Explain how Nike came to that situation through its expansion strategy ‘Although multinationals are eager to pursue the opportunities of increased global integration, they are increasingly aware of the reactions which their strategies induce – both at home and abroad. Thus, they tread warily, lacking clear and agreed-upon definitions of good corporate citizenship. The athletic footwear industry experienced an explosive growth in the last two decades. In 1985, consumers in the United States alone spent $5 billion and purchased 250 million pair of shoes. In 2001, they spent over $13 billion and bought over 335 million pair of shoes. Since displacing Adidas in the early 1980s and Reebok in the early 1990s, Nike has become the largest and†¦show more content†¦However, over the course of the 1990s, a series of public relations nightmares – involving underpaid workers in Indonesia, child labor in Cambodia and Pakistan, and poor working conditions in China and Vietnam – combined to tarnish Nike’s image. How Nike, a company associated with athleticism, health and fitness, and innovative marketing and design, came to become the poster child for the anti-globalization movement provides an interesting window into the potential risks and problems which globalization creates for all multinational corporations.’ †¢ Explain the positive and negative impacts of this strategy ‘In the early 1990s, Nike products were being manufactured in six Indonesian factories, employing more than 25,000 workers. Four of these factories were owned by Nike’s Korean suppliers. As Nike’s presence in Indonesia increased, the factories supplying its products (about six million pairs of shoes per year) came under greater scrutiny. Reports by a variety of NGOs and labor activists claimed that these plants were rife with exploitation, poor working conditions, and a range of human rights and labor abuses. Many Indonesian shoe factories did not even pay the minimum daily wage (at the time, 2,100 rupiah or about US$1). They petitioned the Indonesian government for exemptions to the legal minimum wage, claiming it would cause them â€Å"hardship† to pay.

Essay on King Tutankhamun and His Treasures - 1385 Words

King Tutankhamun and His Treasures The ancient Egyptians were noted for many things, one of which would have been their artwork. Egyptians used many medians in their artwork that enhanced the details and beauty of every piece of art. Their artwork is fascinating and mysterious, which pulls in the viewer into wanting to learn more. One of the most important and unique Egyptian artworks belongs to King Tutankhamun, a young pharaoh of Egypt. A brief history of the discovery of King Tut’s tomb and the importance and beauty of certain pieces found in his tomb, will be discussed in this essay. King Tutankhamun’s tomb was the prize that archaeologist Howard Carter sought out for in the Valley of the Kings. Carter was running out of†¦show more content†¦Peace was brought to Egypt during his reign as the worship of Amon, the Egyptians’ universal god, abandoned under Akhenaton, was restored and Thebes, the city sacred to Amon, was again made Egypts capital. King Tut was not really an important pharaoh, but he is well known today because of his intact tomb and the fabulous treasures found within. King Tut’s tomb contained many beautiful and elaborate pieces of artwork. Artwork varying from wood sculptures, gold statues, wall paintings, writing utensils, intricate pieces of jewelry, busts of the king’s head, and many more were all discovered in his tomb. The sculptures illustrate how Egyptian sculptors represent the realistically poses and statures of the human body. Detail is another factor that is seen in all the artwork, whether it be a painted eye, a perfectly carved beetle (scarab), or the placement of different colored jewels in a necklace. I am astounded at how many items were found and how each one is entirely different from the next. It’s amazing to know that Egyptians cared so much for their leaders to put so much time and effort into their artwork. One piece that stands out of all the treasures in King Tut’s tomb is the bust of his head that is resting on what is said to be a lotus. The bust is carved in wood and overlaid with gesso (a mixture of plaster and glue for use as a surface for painting). The face represents King Tut as a child with disproportionate earlobes and it hasShow MoreRelatedEssay on King Tut991 Words   |  4 PagesKing Tutankhamun Introduction King Tutankhamun was a Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty who ruled from1333 BC – 1324 BC, during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom. He is the most recognized and probably the most famous pharaoh today because of the discovery of his tomb and his treasures. King Tut’s tomb was a major discovery of the 19th century. It was a phenomenal discovery that made headlines across the world. Up until the discovery of King Tut’s tomb, it was believedRead MoreEssay about Tutankhamuns Tomb935 Words   |  4 Pagesarchaeological discoveries of the century. The treasures found were stored in the following parts of the tomb the Antechamber Annex, and then the Burial Chamber and Treasury. The Ancient Egyptians believed in the afterlife. The customs and beliefs of the Ancient Egyptians called for the preservation of the body and extensive provisions for the after-life which were buried with them in the tomb. These treasures were seen as a continuation of the life of the Pharaoh before his death. It was therefore seen as essentialRead MoreThe Excavation and Discovery of Tutankhamuns Tomb Essay870 Words   |  4 Pagesexcavation and discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb was as a result of the efforts of the Archaeologist Howard Carter and his team. Carter’s discovery of the tomb came by finding steps to the burial near the entrance to the tomb Ramses VI. The subsequent excavated of the site by Carter and his team revealed the greatest ever treasure found from an Egyptian tomb and showed the existence of Tutankhamun. Carter’s methodology for the excavation was that of maintaining records for each artefact and that every artefactRead MoreEssay655 Words   |  3 PagesEssay Loralye Reed Alicia Plant HUM 111 1/29/13 Tutankhamun (Tutankhamen) was born in Egypt in 1341 B.C. In 1323 B.C. Tutankhamun died of an unknown death; he was only 17 or 18 years old. Before he died he got to live a short time as a ruler. After his body was exhumed, there have been signs that Tutankhamus could have been murdered, or died from an infection from an injury. â€Å"Historians generally agree that he was the twelfth ruler of the 18th Egyptian Dynasty, who assumed the throneRead MoreExplain the Archaeological/Written Evidence of the Uniqueness of Tutankhamun’s Tomb in the Eighteenth Dynasty.1264 Words   |  6 PagesExplain the archaeological/written evidence of the uniqueness of Tutankhamun’s tomb in the Eighteenth Dynasty. Tutankhamun was an Eighteenth Dynasty pharaoh whose legacy extends to the present, and currently one of the best-known ancient Egyptians of all-time. The â€Å"Boy King† inherited the throne at the age of nine, his reign lasting only ten years before his sudden unexpected death. The traditional burial customs and funeral processions were carried out upon him, but the tomb he was laid to restRead MoreExplain What Tutankhamun’s Tomb and Its Contents Reveal About the Role of a New Kingdom Pharaoh1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe tomb of King Tutankhamun was discovered in 1922 by British archaeologist Howard Carter. Many secrets were revealed about the life of Tutankhamun and his role as a New Kingdom pharaoh through the contents found in his tomb. As well as being the ruler of Egypt, Tutankhamun took on many other roles and responsibilities. The vast amount of treasures and wall paintings in his tomb, provide sufficient evidence as to what kinds of roles and responsibilities were expected of the young King. Over threeRead MoreKing Tutankhamun1035 Words   |  5 PagesKing Tutankhamun (1343-1325 B.C.) King Tutankhamun lived over 3,300 years ago during a period known as the New Kingdom. This period of time was called the New Kingdom because it was when the pharaohs united upper and lower Egypt into one kingdom with the capital being Memphis near current day Cairo. The reason I chose to write a research paper on King Tut is because he is one of the most well known pharaohs of ancient Egypt. Tutankhamun is most well known only by the discovery of his intactRead MoreThe Curse on King Tutankhamen827 Words   |  3 Pages The Curse of the Pharaoh, King Tutankhamen, is world renowned and a very popular book and movie topic. Although these works are interesting, they do not cover the entire story. There is so much more to the curse that many people do not know. As you read this paper, you will begin to understand the truth of the curse, not what Hollywood wants you to know. So, what is the curse? The Curse of the Pharaoh was uncovered after the discovery of King Tutankhamen’s in March of 1923. A novelist whoseRead MoreThe Artifacts And The Mummy Of King Tutankhamen s Tomb1498 Words   |  6 PagesInvestigation What were the historical impacts that the artifacts and the mummy of King Tutankhamen had on archeology and society? This research is conducted over the impacts of the treasures in King Tutankhamun’s tomb, archeological findings on the walls that alter historical context and assumptions, a deeper understanding on the reign of Tut himself and his great excursions, and the autopsy of the mummified King. There will also be an overview of the effects this discovery had on culture and societyRead MoreThe Curse Of The Pharaoh1618 Words   |  7 PagesTHE CURSE OF THE PHARAOH’S Among the world’s most famous curses is the curse pharaohs. King Tutankhamen ruled Egypt as pharaoh for ten years until his death at age nineteen, around 1324 B.C. Although he was famous for reversing the tumultuous religious reforms of his father, Pharaoh Akhenaten. Tutankhamen’s legacy was largely negated by his heirs. He was hardly known to the modern world until 1922, when British archaeologist Howard Carter carved through a doorway and entered the boy pharaoh’s

Risk Management Trends and Developments Free Essays

As time evolves organizations must continue to grow and evolve. The demographics and territories of organizations change as time evolves. As a result the risk management trends and developments become extremely important to the long-term success and survivability of organizations. We will write a custom essay sample on Risk Management: Trends and Developments or any similar topic only for you Order Now Risk management trends exist at the corporate, business, and project levels of organizations. At each level of the risk management process stakeholders are identified and encouraged to actively participate in the process (Merna AL-Thani, 2008). This has a positive effect on any future challenges that may arise and helps insure that the risk mitigation of trends and developments are beneficial to everyone involved. In this assignment three new trends and developments such as technology, culture, and government regulations will be examined, along with their future challenges. Each trend, development, and challenge will be summarized and the pros and cons and implications of each in the business environment will be discusses as well. The use of technology and e-commerce has become widespread especially for organizations that conduct business over the internet. Many organizations have adapted to selling their products to consumers and distributors through the internet. This helps businesses grow by reaching international customers or customers in different territories. Online sites such as PayPal have created a faster and safer way to pay bills online virtually at any location and at any time. This feature has allowed consumers and organizations to pay their bills in a more efficient way. More consumers have adopted e-commerce to pay for personal bills such as car payments and utility bills. The benefits of this technology perk are the efficiency and convenience of having the ability to transact anywhere, anytime, and in any way, it saves consumers time and fees. The immediate transfer of funds benefits businesses because buyers are more willing to make purchases if the process is quick and easy. The downside of paying bills online is the security hazards. Businesses will not be able to protect themselves against all the security threats when creating an online payment system. Businesses should be aware of malware and other various hacking attempts that can track their keystrokes stealing usernames and passwords to access financial information. This trend could lead to challenges for risk management because of the security threats the trend poses. The challenge for risk managers would be keeping up with security threats and keeping their systems secure from hackers. Every business strives to be successful, and keeping up with the ever-changing cultural habits is an important risk management trend businesses should take into consideration while working on international projects. Globalization has increased the importance of cultural risk management, and if this trend is not taken seriously it could prove to be very costly for organizations. Cultural differences can affect many parts of an organization. One example is the difference in managerial approaches between an international and domestic management team. A proactive approach in the beginning of an international project will help mitigate the differences in managerial approaches. Networking and negotiations are two main issues that should be taken into consideration when deciding on an international project. Networking is a critical stage for organizations looking for international business opportunities. The process of bidding for potential projects worldwide seem to be similar, the difference is in the lead-time given to bidders in certain countries. Domestically projects are advertised openly, giving anyone interested a fair opportunity to bid on the project. Projects in some international cultures are first spread by word of mouth, giving some bidders time to prepare and research their bid. This would give international bidders a heads up on potential future projects and would give them adequate time to prepare before the bidding became public. Negotiations were found to have different meanings in different cultures, the styles were culture dependent. Different cultures may perceive the definition of negotiation differently so it is important to risk managers to understand the different cultures and how they perceive the term negotiation in business. Understanding cultural differences will help businesses become successful when operating internationally. On the other hand if risk managers are not aware of the cultural differences it may lead to misunderstandings and could have negative effects on the business. The U. S. government sets business regulations to hold organizations accountable for the amount of power they have; they also protect employees and the environment. Businesses are expected to abide by governmental regulations and should do so to stay out of trouble. Business regulations are different for different industries. It is important for organizations to be aware of the business regulations affecting their industry. Government regulations should always be considered when running a business. There are regulations for state, local, and federal taxes as well as financial reporting requirements presented by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Business regulations for international organizations include an additional range of rules regulating international trade. Importers must deal with regulations relating to import quotas, tariffs, and prohibition. Business regulations could be a challenge for businesses that do not which regulations to follow; they could be faced with costly fines if they do not comply. Because of business regulations consumers can feel safe about the products they are purchasing off of store shelves. If there is a product that could be a threat, government regulators would take quick action to remove it from the marketplace. Government regulations can cause disadvantages for both consumers and businesses. If businesses do not comply with government regulations they could be faced with large fines, and because of the increased cost of doing business consumers would be affected by paying higher prices. Businesses may not always be able to manage every risk they run into but being aware of the trends and developments will help eliminate most risks. For those involved with managing risk, risk management should be used to generate new ideas and to promote good business practices. The business trends and developments discussed in this paper relating to technology, culture, and business regulations are just a few business trends that should not be ignored. How to cite Risk Management: Trends and Developments, Essays

Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to prepare an effective business marketing plan for the Everysight Raptor Augmented Reality (AR) Glasses, which is one of the newly introduced technological gadget dependent upon the principles of virtual reality. Report will highlight upon the Features which are associated with the new technological gadget along with its importance that the user can enjoy. It is important to mention that Augmented reality glass, currently do not have huge popularity compared to many other technological gadgets, as less number of people are aware of its presence and features that are associated with the device. The marketing plan will help to increase Awareness of the technological lover by providing detailed information related to the AR glass. The current marketing plan will conduct the SWOT analysis, along with examining the competitive environment of the product. It is important to fix upon the marketing and financial objectives, which will be reflected upon the marketing plan. Special focus will be given up on the digital communication, which will be a part of the promotional campaign for the newly launched product. The report will end by providing the technique of marketing control process, which is necessary for monitoring the overall business performance of the Augmented reality glass. Deciding among the steps in the marketing plan is an important part of the sales procedure of Everysight Raptor AR Glasses. As mentioned by Manorek et al., (2016), in the primary step it is necessary to provide detailed description of the product along with its features and advantages. This is the primary step due to the fact that the detail information of the product will have the target customer groups to understand its significance and importance in the daily life. This is an important step in making the marketing plan as it is in the process of product and brand identification. The following step it is important for the company to decide upon the target audience. Due to the fact that this type of gadget is yet to gain popularity, currently the target customer for the marketing plan will be limited to small group, which will include only high gadget freaks individuals mainly belonging to the recharge section of the society. The following path the company will have to decide upon t he steps of implementing and executing the marketing plan and gain competitive advantage in the respective domain (Paik Zhu, 2013). Special promotional event will be held by Everysight Raptor Company, which can help them to highlight upon the importance of AR glasses and its significance. It is also important to decide upon the overall budget of the marketing plan before implementing the same. Due to the fact that the target audience for the AR glasses is limited to a small group of audience, it will not be necessary for the company to invest huge amount in the marketing plan. Swot and Competitor Analysis The SWOT analysis tool is an essential part of the marketing planning, which helps an organisation to decide upon their internal strengths and weaknesses along with the threats and opportunities that exist in the market (Babin Zikmund, 2015). The major strength for the Everysight Raptor is due to the fact that they are able to provide high quality product and are able to incorporate the latest technological design, thereby incorporating smart features. The major strength of their Augmented reality glass is due to the fact that they are able to incorporate features of GPS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and many other forms of latest technology which can give them a competitive edge compared to other Rivals. The lower price of their product, compare to that of Samsung, Google or Apple, it is possible for Everysight Raptor to increase up on the range of customer and thereby enable them to increase the popularity of this new type of smart Technology. The major weakness for the company is due to the fact that less number of people are aware about the brand, that and the use of this Augmented reality glasses. Due to the low level of popularity of this product, it is always important for the company to provide extra effort to increase the level of awareness of the technology lovers. In spite of the fact that currently there is lower rate of popularity of the Augmented reality glass, it is expected to be one of the most popular products in the coming years. The consumer wearable products, which include fitness band and Augmented reality glass is believed to be one of the important for all fitness lover individual. The opportunity will also enhance due to the fact that fitness and sports have become an important part of the culture of most of the nations in the globe. It is also relevant to mention that between the year 2014 and 18 the market for wearable technological devices have increased to 78% (Giartosio Tregnaghi, 2013). This is expected to rise even more the coming years due to the fact that more people are growing the tendency of making use of the product, which can enable them to provide smart information in the form of virtual reality. The major threat for the company is due to the fact that it is highly challenging for them to gain competitive advantage and attract the customers, due to the presence of reputed brands such as Samsung, apple and Google. These large scale companies and effective marketing strategies which can be a major threat for Everysight Raptor and it can be a major challenge for them to seek the attention of the customers. There is also the threat from new entrants, which includes start up technological companies such as MJ Bale, who are providing same type of gadgets at much cheaper rate. It is relevant to mention that cheaper product will be more popular due to the fact that most of the people might not be willing to spend huge amount for a gadget which is currently not much popular within the technological market. There is also the threat from alternative products of augmented reality glasses which includes the Lenovo New Glass C200 and the Snaps Spectacle Glasses (Lanman et al., 2014). All these alternative devices of augmented reality glasses are some of the major competitors, who can capture a significant part of the market share of wearable technological devices. Marketing and Financial Objectives It is important for the company decide upon their financial and marketing objectives, which will be reflected upon their Marketing plan and the process of making financial budget. At the initial stage the financial and marketing objectives will be decided on a period of first 6 months. Following are the set of marketing objectives for Everysight Raptor Augmented Reality (AR) Glasses: To increase the level of awareness of customers and technological lover about the advantages of using Augmented reality glasses in everyday life. Highlight upon the smart new features of the new launch augmented reality glasses using effective Marketing Communication strategies and promotional campaigns. To capture at least 20% of the market share for wearable technological devices within the first 6 months. To make a profit of 2 million dollar within the first 6 months. Lower the price of the product for the first month after the launch period and then vary the price depending upon the response from the market. To make most use of the medium of digital marketing, this will help to lower the cost of promotional campaigns. Marketing strategy and Marketing Communication Plan The 4 P's of marketing mix tool will be used for implementing the business strategy, which will help the company to control certain parameters related to price and promotional techniques (Kim Lee, 2015). Product: It is important for the company to highlight upon the smart features of the product, which includes GPS enabled spectacles with 2GB of RAM. Advanced level of processor along with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth will also be enabled in the new glass. These smart new features will enable the user to project the physical environment into the virtual reality glass, which will have dedicated speaker, gyroscope, barometer, magnetometer and accelerometer. The product will also have a longer battery life compared to most of the rivals. This will ensure that user do not have to worry about frequently charging of the device (Denning et al., 2014). Price: Due to the fact that augmented reality glass is yet to gain popularity among the technological never, the price will be kept at premium level, which will help the company to make sufficient level of profit thereby ensuring sustainability for the future market, which can be help them to make use of the upcoming opportunity. It is also relevant to mention that due to shortage of supply, the company has to spend high-level in the manufacturing process. This will have direct impact on the pricing level of the product. Place: Everysight Raptor Augmented Reality (AR) Glasses will be launched all across the globe. The main area of purpose will be communities, which have a strong fascination towards maintaining a level of fitness and passion towards outdoor Sports. In most of the places the product will be available through both online and offline distribution channels. However, in the remote regions, the company will only have to depend upon online channels. Promotion: For promotional event company will be depend upon digital marketing channels, which will mainly depend upon the digital communication channels. This will include online technological blogs and social media websites. The company will publish dedicated blog for raising the level of awareness of the target customer about the significance of using augmented reality glass. Special dedicated pages will be designed in social media platforms, which will help them to form online communities to discuss and communicate about the importance of AR glasses. With the help of digital communication techniques, it will also be possible for the customers to reach out the company executives for issues related to after sales service. The product growth life cycle planning will be used as a part of the action program achieves the financial and marketing objectives of AR glasses of Everysight Raptor. In the initial phase, the product will be in the growth phase. In this stage, the company cannot expect to gain any profit due to the fact that most of the expenditure will be spent upon marketing activities. For the first three months, the product will be at its growth stage, where the company will have to face financial loss. However, for the next few months the product will be at its maturity stage and action program will be taken accordingly to maximize the profit level. During the growth phase, the company will offer some introductory offer, which will be Limited for the first month after the launch of the product (Silaban et al., 2014). During the maturity phase, the company will aim to maximize the channel of distribution, which will help them to increase the volume of sales. Implementation and Control of marketing Plan It is important for every business organisation to effective process of marketing control, which will help them to monitor the overall performance (Xie Liang, 2013). Following are the Major steps that are incorporated in the process of marketing control that will be implemented by Everysight Raptor. Collection of feedback and opinion from theexisting customers and other technological experts. Calculation of the total profit that is earned from the sales of augmented reality glasses. Measurement of the response and information that are collected as primary sources from the consumer markets. Comparing the record of sales with that of others Augmented reality glasses that exist in the market. Fixing upon a performance standard, this will be followed. Conclusion In the concluding note it can be said that the existing marketing plan that are resented forEverysight Raptor Augmented Reality (AR) Glasses will aim to increase the market popularity of the product. It is important for the company to evaluate the internal strengths and weaknesses, which will ultimately help them to exploit the opportunities that exist in the respective market. The company will also use the platform of digital communication, which will be the major source distribution. Reference Babin, B. J., Zikmund, W. G. (2015). Exploring marketing research. Cengage Learning. Denning, T., Dehlawi, Z., Kohno, T. (2014, April). In situ with bystanders of augmented reality glasses: Perspectives on recording and privacy-mediating technologies. In Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems (pp. 2377-2386). ACM. Giartosio, F., Tregnaghi, G. (2013). U.S. Patent Application No. 14/439,595. Kim, K. Y., Lee, B. G. (2015). Marketing insights for mobile advertising and consumer segmentation in the cloud era: AQR hybrid methodology and practices. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 91, 78-92. Lanman, D., Fuchs, H., Mine, M., McDowall, I., Abrash, M. (2014). Put on your 3D glasses now: the past, present, and future of virtual and augmented reality. In ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference, SIGGRAPH 2014. Association for Computing Machinery. Manorek, S. L., Pangemanan, S. S., Rumokoy, F. (2016). The Influence of Brand Image, Advertising, Perceived Price Toward Consumer Purchase Intention at Samsung Smartphone. JURNAL RISET EKONOMI, MANAJEMEN, BISNIS DAN AKUNTANSI, 3(4). Paik, Y., Zhu, F. (2013). The impact of patent wars on firm strategy: Evidence from the global smartphone market. Harvard Business School. Silaban, D. P., Saerang, D. P., Rumokoy, F. S. (2014). Analyzing the personal factors influencing purchase decision of samsung smartphone in manado. Jurnal riset ekonomi, manajemen, bisnis dan akuntansi, 2(1). Xie, W., Liang, H. (2013, July). A case study: Innovation strategy assessment of the leading smartphone companies. In Innovation Conference (SIIC), 2013 Suzhou-Silicon Valley-Beijing International (pp. 121-126). IEEE.

History of education free essay sample

Using material from item A and elsewhere, assess the claim that the main aim of education policies in the last 25 years has been to create an education market. (20 marks) In the past 25 years, many sociologists have stated that the main purpose of the educations system was to create an education market. Stated in item A, was stated that many policies such as league tables and open enrolments were introduced to help create the education market. Item A also suggests that others may take a different view believing that other policies such as EMA were not necessarily imposed to create an ‘educational market’ but more so to create equality amongst all pupils – especially disadvantaged social groups. The Education Reform Act was introduced in 1988 providing an information revolution, this was the introduction of league tables and Ofsted reports being produced, this was to create parentocracy and marketization so schools could then start to be treated like a business. We will write a custom essay sample on History of education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another policy in which was produced was the introduction of ‘academy schools’. This educational market is a success for the schools who are doing well as it means they are further up the league tables and receive better reports, this means they will get more and more pupils coming to the school, more and more middle class/well achieving pupils and are able to cream skim and select the best pupils, they are also in a position where they are able to ‘silt shift’ and turn away pupils. This means the well performing schools will receive more formula funding whilst the poor performing schools are losing out on the money. This will lead to schools closing down, just how business will ‘go out of businesses. Further policies were introduced by the Labour government for example Academies were introduced with schools being sponsored by businesses in order to improve them, and faith schools were also introduced with schools being linked to a religion. This again, creates choice and competition between parents and pupils. How ever there was also many policies introduced to help bring equality such as EMA, sure star nurseries, aim higher programmes and education act zones. Though some may claim that the education policies introduced in the last 25 years has been to create either an educational market or more focused on creating equality, it could be argued that both procedures could be considered unfair or a failure amongst the education system. It is more than fair to say the marketization of schools has gave parents more power and more choice in where they send their child to, however some argue that schools like, private, faith, comprehempsive and same gender can widen the social class gap and therefore reproduce and legitimate inequality amongst pupils. Some may disagree with an educational market because it will only advantage the middle-class who are able to use ‘cultural capital’ in order to play the education game. Middle-class parents are able to send their children to better schools as they can afford the ‘costs of free schooling’ as Bull would argue, for example; the costs of resources, travelling, uniforms and in some cases might actually move into the catchment area of better schools in order to increase the chance of their child attending that school. How ever the working class are at a massive disadvantage as they suffer from both cultural deprivation and material deprivation.

The 5 Best Suspense Thrillers on Stage

The 5 Best Suspense Thrillers on Stage Unlike mysteries in which the audience searches for clues to figure out â€Å"whodunit,† thrillers let viewers know who the bad guys are in advance. Then, the audience spends the rest of the play on the edge of their proverbial seats wondering who will win: the evil doer or the innocent victim? Here are five of the best stage thrillers in theatrical history. Wait Until Dark by Frederick Knott In this slick, slightly dated cat-and-mouse thriller, three con-men manipulate a blind woman. They want the secret contents hidden inside a mysterious doll, and they are willing to go to any lengths to retrieve it - even murder. Fortunately, the blind protagonist, Suzy Hendrix, is resourceful enough to use her other heightened senses to combat the criminals. In the climactic final act, Suzy gains the advantage when she shuts off all the lights in her apartment. Then, the bad guys are in her territory. Deathtrap by Ira Levin A reviewer from Cue Magazine calls Levin’s comic suspense play, â€Å"two-thirds a thriller and one-third a devilishly clever comedy.† And the play is indeed devilish! The premise: a formerly successful author is so desperate for another hit, he seems willing to murder a younger more talented writer in order to steal his brilliant manuscript. But that’s only the beginning. Plot twists and treachery abound throughout Deathtrap. Try to see this one live at your local community theater. However, if you can’t wait for it to be revived, the Michael Caine film is a fun ride as well. Dial M for Murder by Frederick Knott Another â€Å"Knotty† thriller, this play became an instant theatrical hit as well as an Alfred Hitchcock classic. Believing that he has planned the perfect crime, a cold-hearted husband hires a thug to murder his wife. The audience members hold their breath as they watch to see what happens next. Will the husband get away with the heinous deed? Will the wife survive? (Don’t hold your breath for too long – the play runs about two hours.) Perfect Crime by Warren Manzi This show is currently the longest running play in New York City history. This off-Broadway thriller has been running since 1987. Believe it or not, lead actress Catherine Russell has starred in Perfect Crime since its premiere. That means she performed in over 8,000 shows – missing a mere four performances during the last twenty years. (Can a person stay sane after all those performances?) The press release says: â€Å"The main character is a Harvard-educated psychiatrist accused of bumping off her wealthy British husband. The play is set in an affluent Connecticut town where this suspected murderess conducts her practice out of her secluded mansion. The handsome detective assigned to the case must overcome his own love-interest in the wife as he seeks to discover who murdered the husband, if indeed he was murdered at all.† Sounds like a good combination of suspense and romance. The Bad Seed by Maxwell Anderson Based upon the novel by William March, The Bad Seed asks a disturbing question. Are some people born evil? Eight-year old Rhoda Penmark seems to be. This play might be seriously disturbing for some people. Rhoda behaves sweetly and innocently around adults, but can be murderously devious during one-on-one encounters. There are few plays in which such a young child is portrayed as such a manipulative sociopath. The psychopathic Rhoda makes the creepy ghost girl from The Ring look like a Strawberry Shortcake.

Legal, security, or privacy issues within electronic commerce Assignment - 1

Legal, security, or privacy issues within electronic commerce - Assignment Example It could lead to an electronic traffic due to the high volume of emails generated. This could affect internet speeds in that they could reduce. The outcome is that business transactions could experience delays, affecting the global economy. The other effect is the increase in the cost of online business as the incorporation of Information technology experts to mitigate the virus risk could be expensive. An organization could identify the virus through the installation of an up-to-date antivirus software. In case of emails from unknown sources, individuals within an organization should never open it, unless they have prior knowledge of such an e-mail. The organization could respond to the virus e-mails in several ways. It needs to delete any suspicious emails, especially of the source of the mail is unknown. Another response is seeking advice from a company that deals with internet security. In case of infected machines, an organization could seek the help of professional technicians for a cleanup of the

Adam Smith and Political Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Adam Smith and Political Economy - Essay Example The quality of life and individual prosperity is determined by social and economic progress of individuals and the community at large (Bowie, Michaels and Solomon, 243). People should engage in activities that promotes fairness and unity in the society for common interest of the society. Therefore, individuals must show concern for others in the society, in order to achieve harmonious and significant living. The individual’s liberty in fulfilling social obligation is one of the driving forces of a nation development. People make their own choices without interference from others to maximize their personal gain. The choice to be made must satisfy a certain need in the society (Bowie, Michaels and Solomon, 264). Adam Smith perceived rivalry as an important element in an advancement of the nation. Exercising this personal liberty sets persons mind free to engage in activities which brings benefit to both individuals and to the community. This liberty has made people to choose the ir own activities to engage in. However, individual liberty should not obstruct the rights of other people in the society. No one is coerced to undertake any activity whatsoever. This is imperative for advancement of a nation because, people maximize their input in activities of their own choice (Bowie, Michaels and Solomon, 271). People have chance to select and competitively participate in economic activities of their own interest. If people work live without interfering with others affairs, this will promote peace and understanding in the society. Fairness should be the guiding principle in making decision to fulfill communal obligations. The communal regulations are set to guide individuals in choosing their own activities for economic progress (Bowie, Michaels and Solomon, 274). It is always essential to take into consideration the needs of the public before engaging in any activity. People should carry out those activities which will result to individuals benefit and serve the needs of the entire community. Therefore, it is fair to engage in activities of the society as an individual and try to avoid doing things which are likely to cause damage to other people. This means there is an extent to which a person can do things and going beyond the set principles will be unjust to the society. For example in business, traders should sell legal goods otherwise this will be unfair to the consumers. They should also sell those commodities at a fair price and avoid overexploiting the consumers. Fairness should guide them in deciding what to sell and the price at which they will sell those commodities to the public. Fairness will also ensure equality in the nation and people will have a sense of life. On the other hand, injustice limits achievement of individual goals and achievement of their obligations to the society. For example, if some students were allowed to cheat in an exam, this would be unfair to the society and negligence in fulfillment of their obligat ions (Bowie, Michaels and Solomon, 286). Therefore, fairness will determine the individuals’ performance towards their social obligations. Living a moral life is a triumph against evil. The author has emphasized on the importance of living a good life on earth. People should ensure uprightness in all their dealings

Modern Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Modern Business - Essay Example Research scholars have classified industrializations as ‘early’ and ‘late’ in accordance to their origin. It has been observed that, industrial progress of particular country has simultaneously influenced companies to improve organizational and business performance. The concept of competitive advantage for national business system of different countries has an underlying linkage with ‘early’ and ‘late’ industrialization process. It is evident from the above example that time period for evolution of industrialisation is different for every country and each of the country followed a distinctive pathway to bring industrialization. Chronologically, the United Kingdom was the birthplace for industrialization during nineteenth century and then followed the USA. Industrialization in other European countries took place during the twentieth century, while in countries like China and Japan; industrialization took place after the Second World War. Objective of this essay is to explain how organizational and institutional characteristics of national business systems in different countries have affected by ‘early’ and ‘late’ industrialization process. Porter diamond model for national business system of different countries and theories regarding industrialization process will be discussed in order to build theoretical background for this essay. The study will cite examples of countries and industries in order to compare national business system of different economies. In the last section, the essay will try to throw some light on issues like sustainability of national competitiveness of various countries, in order to understand effectiveness of industrialization. Theoretical Background Early Industrialization & Late Industrialization Research scholars have stated that late industrialization process in various nations is deeply influenced by resource mobilization and intergenerational concept mobil ity. Late industrialized nations have already achieved significant feet in terms of resource mobilization and national capability development. Therefore, it can be said that, economic development of late industrialized nations started late but the growth rate of these countries can surpass the growth rate of those countries where industrialization took place early. Theoretically, late industrialization took place in those countries, which were economically backward due to over dependence on agriculture and lack of industrial output during early years of twentieth century. In 1979, OECD had published a report about countries which were industrialized at later half of twentieth century. According to this report, countries like Portugal, Hong Kong, Greece, Taiwan, Mexico, Brazil, Spain and South Korea have experienced industrial growth at later half of twentieth century and these countries are called as NICs or "newly industrializing countries" (Balassa, 1981). Industry experts have st ated that economic growth in late industrialized countries is different in comparison to countries which are industrialized in early point of time. According to Balassa (1981), three factors, such as contribution of the industrial sector in labour force employment, rise in per capita income and percentage rise in

Implementation Of The BIM Technology Information Technology Essay

Implementation Of The BIM Technology Information Technology Essay Around the globe, designers have started using the new technology known as BIM which is still to be used by their Indian counterparts. Their reluctance to use this technology has held them back in aspects like walkthroughs and visualizations (Autodesk, 2005). There could be two factors for the lack of use of this technology. This technology is not known by the designers or the users of the Indian AEC industry lack the skills required to use this technology. BIM services are being outsourced by the Indian development centers to places like UK, U.S and the countries in Europe in order to avoid any delays, clashes on site, cost overruns etc. The Indian talent is being made use of by the AEC firms situated in U.K, U.S and the European countries. They are getting various advantages like the talent of Indian developers and low cost production (PRLog, 2007). Complex designs and projects are being built by Indian architects. There are requirements is aspects like integration and information technology, development, simulation, communication, coordination and knowledge sharing. At present, there is no standard consistency regarding the use of the BIM technology and the process of its implementation. This lack of uniformity has been acknowledged even by the Associated General Contractors of America. A lot of software firms have tried to get the best of BIM by developing programs pertaining to several parts of the BIM although none so far have looked at it as a transformation process. This is one of the reasons that we need to build a standard and make the implementation of the BIM technology on the global scale. Significance Architecture is a well to do field in India with a vast client base (Autodesk, 2005). The systems are according to the global standards which are managed by well trained staff of skilled people. There has been rapid modernization in the form of malls, IT parks, and residential complexes in India which has led to the demand of architects. India is still a developing country and is short on infrastructure in almost every sector (Autodesk, 2005). Construction and planning is taking place in full force at present. The low wages of worker has been a factor in using alternate automated solutions. The advantage of BIM however is found in savings and better system than the competitors. The time of turnaround is less which is a huge factor to gain a competitive edge. Firms in architecture should use this technology and stay ahead with the times by keeping in sync with the technology and engineering aspect of architecture. The design of a building should follow a non deterministic method rathe r than forming a closed opinion from the start. New architectural experiments can be performed with the help of this approach to achieve tectonic perfection. Purpose The use of BIM systems in combination with simulation and analytical tools helps in building of a prototype of the building, gain information related to activities of construction and performance even before breaking ground. High value is associated with such a prototype. BIM is useful in such situations as it encourages designers to improve the quality and efficiency by avoiding less than effective practices and making use of the best available techniques. It is necessary for BIM to create a digital model which can be used to ascertain schedule, quality take offs and estimates to lessen the effort and time spent on it. This is required to achieve the optimum benefit of BIM. The project purpose is to find the difficulties in front of Indian architects with regards to the use of BIM while being aware of the principles of the Indian AEC industry to create a strategy for implementation of BIM technology. Building Information Modeling or BIM is a process of documentation which gives information related to the various phases of a project like planning, construction, design, operation and facility management. It is a documentation process providing details of construction application and operational visualization, design coordination and scheduling. The main benefit of using BIM is the aspect of visual coordination used in building systems such as MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing). It is also useful in the identification of difficulties that can be taken care of before the construction of building resulting in savings in terms of time and money (Damian, Han Yan and Peter (1)). In a report by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, it was reported (NIST, 2004 (2)) regarding the lack of necessary interoperability that burdens the U.S facilities by around 15.8 billion dollars every year. The BIM technology application has thus far not been used in India but has the chance to use it on a large scale. Introduction Architectural Documentation of Structures BIM has enabled maturity of the Architectural Documentation. A properly maintained documentation using a system can be dated back to the Renaissance in the presentation of the plans for Santa Maria del Fiore by Fillippo Brunelleschi in Italy. The patron was made to understand the design of the building by means of drawings. Architectural Documentation has become more modern in its usage over the years. A data model can be created from the design process to the conceptual and operational phase with the computer aided software. A summary of the evolution of the Architectural Documentation ahs been mentioned in the following text. First phase- Early 1980s: The design documents before the year 1980 were made with the help of lines that would represent the building. The documents would be of the pattern of plan, elevation and section that acted as the base to show the picture of the building to be created. Second phase- At the start of the twenty first century: Building that are constructed nowadays are complex in nature than ever before. The drawings of the building are worked upon by a large number of people. There is a phenomenal increase in the number of buildings which can be owed to the technological advances. Buildings are constructed keeping in mind HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning) and energy necessities. Computer technology helps in greatly reducing errors but one has to remember that the collections in the end are created manually in the form of text and lines. BIM Concept There is a change in the expectation and process taking place in the Indian construction field in lieu of the economic ups and downs and the architects have stepped up to the plate. There has been a change in the working of the more common 2D based practice related to economic, functional and energy. A single database can be used to share the disciplines in a project. Structure, architecture, electrical, mechanical, construction ad infrastructures are bind together and the coordination between all these factors is a tough task. Energy analysis can take place along with the design phase. The costs of construction have become predictable. With BIM, it is possible to use a parametric 3D model to generate automatically building documents like sections, plans, details, elevations and schedule. BIM supported software produces drawings that are in correlation with representation of the model. If there are any changes made in the project, they are coordinated in the rest of the project autom atically. This is a big advantage as there is lesser risk of coordination issues and helps in improving the quality of work on the whole. Various modeling software packages are known that can be used in the application of conceptual level models although they do not possess the capability of documenting a design for construction of a building. CAD and BIM The basic difference in Computer Aided Design or CAD and BIM is that CAD is a 2D document that is created separately and does not relate in any way to the other documents created separately. A wall is represented by two lines in CAD. A wall is created as an interactive tool in BIM that has its specifications like height, width, bearing and nonbearing principle, interior or exterior, fire rating, demolished or new and materials such as bricks and boards. All the information is assembled by the BIM platform into one single location and then goes on to cross link the data among its related objects. Linkage is not seen between the data that is developed by CAD. Comparative efficiency between BIM and CAD is seen in Table 1. In case of BIM, there are three types of information which is related to the model. Object based geometry- For instance; in BIM a window is an object with qualities similar to a real window rather than just being a collection of lines, points and surfaces. The wall receives a window when the window is placed in the wall by means of adjusting the geometry to fit the placement of the window. The wall allows the window o be placed in locations that are pre defined by the parameters that have been programmed for it. Parametric integrity is yet another feature of BIM geometry which relates to the connection between elements which are maintained consistently even when the model is being manipulated. For instance, suppose a window was programmed to a distance of four feet from a door and there is movement in the position of the window then the window automatically moves itself in order to maintain the distance of four feet from the door. The second form of information related to the BIM model is the non graphical information. It defines the structure and function of the model and any properties that are related to it like fire rating, cost, reflectivity, materials content and conductivity. There is a big list of these properties which is limited only by the information that is required the computation power required to process it. Linked information is the third form of information which is associated but not contained in the model directly. Gantt charts and fabricatorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s shop drawings used in scheduling and construction are two such examples of this form of information. A common incorrect assumption is that CAD relates to 2D design whereas BIM relates to 3D design. CAD technology can also be used for 3D designs. The main concern for any BIM service is whether the model that has been created is computable or not. Information regarding the model can be easily understood according too the modelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s purpose if the model is computable. For example, a 3D model wall that looks good will not be understood by the computer as a wall. The wall cannot insert a window in it and cannot be viewed as a wall created by raw materials. Another aspect of BIM is the Virtual Design and Construction or VDC. According to CIFE, VDC is defined as the use of multidisciplinary performance models of design construction projects. CIFE acknowledges BIM as a tool useful to support product design that is a part of VDC which highlights the organization, product and design construction operation team processes. It is said by some that BIM is more than design software and can be viewed as a module that involves the whole project team. Irrespective of the definition of BIM, the success in implementation of VDC or BIM lies in the coordination throughout all the project teams which is talked about in later parts of the paper. 1.2 Big BIM vendors There are many high roller vendors in the BIM technology market. REVIT is the creation of Autodesk that is directed towards the collection of all the building elements in a single database which helps in providing the users to see results of design modification quickly and enable them to identify interference issues. Bentley Systems makes use of another approach that produces a family of the application modules that relate to each other easily. The modules include Bentley Structural, Bentley architecture, Bentley Building Electrical Systems and Bentley Building Mechanical Systems. Graphisoft is another big name that was purchased by a German firm by the name of Nemetschek in the year 2006. The approach of their BIM is to make a virtual building model to support their main product ArchiCAD that would associate itself with other applications. At last, there is CATIA which was developed by Dassault Systemes that was created for the aerospace industry. It has been adapted by Gehry Technologies to use it in the AEC industry. 1.3 Contribution Building owners and developers lay the most emphasis on information modeling as said by publications related to BIM. A definitive framework to show the value in the life cycle of the creation of the building is missing. For instance, The Contractors Guide to BIM which is established by The Associated General Contractors of America is an informative and precise document with the focus being on BIM from the point of view of a contractor. Similarly, publications floated by fabrication or design related organizations show the perspective of their companies. It is clear from the above two statements that the content of the information on BIM is in favor of the organization who writes it which is more often than This paper is from the point of view of developers and owners who are the most important factor in the construction industry as these entities are responsible for the expense related to the creation of a building. 2 Methodologies Published information was used for the majority of data provided in this paper that contains the following- Journal and magazine articles Publications related to trade organizations Marketing publications and white papers by software vendors Presentation of practitioners Academic papers Case studies Surveys Architects, developers and researchers were interviewed like, Sera Architects and Gerding Edlen Development, LLC which are both outside of Portland., Oregon. The selection of the firms was based on their prior experience with valid developments and implementations of BIM. Researchers like John Kunz and Martin Fischer from Stanford University and Professor Chuck Eastman from Georgia Tech were interviewed. Selection of individuals was based on their expertise with BIM related techniques and architectural computing. The main criterion was to find out the reliability of the data with regards to the completion or near completion of the project. Case data from a yet to be started project has not been included since this paper is from the perspective of the developer. Statements from online publications, articles and interviews were not entirely in specification with the project and hence the same criterion was not used as the statements may refer to multiple project experiences. The different forms of data found in this paper ranges from quantitative data to qualitative opinions about time, cost and efficiency. Quantitative information on the performance of the project was taken into account to gauge the level of effectiveness of a particular modeling implementation or modeling. BIM technology is a fairly new concept and practitioners wanted to see proof of the value of the BIM implementation to a project before investing resources and time. The information from real projects shows this proof and the errors and lessons that have been learned from previous mistakes. The major portion if the quantified information seen in this paper is taken from development projects of major size like office and residential towers, schools, hotels and event centers. The bias in data is mainly due to lack of information on the use of BIM in small scale projects. There is a degree of uncertainty if the lack of information is the reason behind the application of BIM in small scale projects or whether the information related to small projects using BIM is not being published. Additional information on the small projects using BIM would further enhance the argument on the benefits of BIM. 2 Questionnaires 2.1 Objectives and sample This questionnaire has got two major objectives. The first is to survey and find the ratio of AEC companies in the U.S, U.K and other nations that use BIM. The next objective is to determine the benefits these companies enjoy from this technology. The AEC industry academics and practitioners were sent the questionnaire to fill up. Analysis was the focus for the two countries of U.K and U.S. U.S is clearly ahead of the rest in the development of the BIM technology. The companies in U.K have spent a lot of time to carry out research on this technology. Some of the companies are leaning towards this technology. Academics who participated in the research of BIM also took part in the questionnaire. Poverty Issue in Pakistan There are several facets to poverty in the country of Pakistan. The people suffering from poverty in Pakistan are secluded from basic amenities like clean drinking water, education, proper sanitation and health. This discourages them and their abilities while limiting their opportunities to get a safe and secure employment. This tends to the poor being secluded from society and exposes them to a sad affair of states. This problem only worsens as the government does not make any policies and plans for the betterment of these people and help them in the long run. The depth and extent of the poverty calculated from different ways based on different definitions and indices used but there is a general consensus regarding the shocking state of the people suffering from poverty. It has been agreed upon by all that the fight against poverty seen in the 1980à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s has died down entirely. IF anything, the extent of poverty has only increased at the turn of the next decade as there was no per capita growth in GDP. The government in Pakistan on the basis of the information available regarding the current situation of the people living in poverty has agree with the IPRSP with respect to the trends in the prevalence of poverty. During this period, the Planning Division has enforced an official poverty line that is based on the norm of 2350 calories per adult per day. Strategy of poverty reduction The poverty reduction strategy has basically been put in place to help the needy who have long been suppressed by the conditions brought on to them on account of poverty. Those living under the poverty line in Pakistan have to face a lot of hardships on a daily basis and it is of essence to provide them with some facilities in order to improve their standard of living both socially and economically. The poverty reduction scheme of the Pakistan government is based on the following principles: Increasing the economic growth and keeping the macroeconomic condition stable. Human capital investment Expansion of social safety nets Bettering the governance The major steps and policies brought into effect by the Pakistan government are the following: Financial sector Reforms and Monetary Policy Market based indirect instruments are used to conduct the monetary policy in Pakistan. The free float exchange rate prevalent from July 2000 has meant that the monetary policy has a huge impact on the exchange rate, surpluses, rising current account and the liquidity as a result seen in the inter bank foreign exchange market, pressure exerted on the U.S$ and Rupee parity by H1-FY03. The state Bank of Pakistan has kept intact the cautious policy standpoint and mopped up the major portion of the excess liquidity from the inter bank market witch enabled the rupee to increase in value. The value of the rupee increased by just 3.1% throughout the period. The monetary standpoint adopted is unlikely to change if there is no shift in the inflation overview. There has been a drop in the average lending rates from fourteen percent in the NOV. 2001. To more than ten billion dollars in the recent time and the return from the National Savings Scheme instruments have decreased. The major parts of financial sector reforms are: Measures include elimination credit controls, interest rates and lower cash reserve ratio, development of financial market that include treasury bill market, inter bank market, increased competition, capital markets, high competition in between banks, foreign firms and privatization of financial institutions, strengthening prudential supervision and regulation, enforcement of anti money laundering law in FY04 made for establishment of Financial Intelligence Unit. The strategy for reducing strategy keeps in mind the social, economic and governance. The aim is to improve development that should be proportional to every citizen that includes the unemployed, poor, illiterate, ill health, poor sanitation and housing and unclean drinking water. The main objectives of the policy are: Providing the essential productive assets to those who are poor. Providing a safety net to take care of the very poor. Enhancing the capability of people with the help of human development programs. Providing the necessary resources to finance the programs made for reducing the poverty. Strengthening and reforming the institutions to deliver the public services in a better manner. Micro finance- The concept of micro credit has become a very helpful tool to enabling the poor in increasing their income. Reducing their vulnerability to shocks and building small businesses. Microfinance can be applied to more aspects like savings, credit and insurance as part of the broader services. This concept has many institutions like the First Microfinance bank, Kashf Foundation, First Women Bank and SME Bank. The disbursements and the beneficiaries of the microfinance can be seen in Table 10.1 for the period of 2008-2009, 2009-2010 and the target for 2010-2011. The State Bank of Pakistan has been very helpful in the encouragement that they have provided to Development Financial Institutions and banks to work towards the funding of Microfinance Institutions, NGOà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s and Microfinance Banks in order to achieve the targeted outreach. TO further enhance the passage of funds to the field of microfinance, The State Bank of Pakistan has developed a Microfinance Credit Guarantee Facility or MCFG which helps in easing the constraints on credit. This is viewed as an incentive by the microfinance institutions and ultimately helps the general public in their fight against poverty and to get a new lease of life in the right direction. In accordance with the MCFG facility, The State Bank of Pakistan provides a guarantee cover to a percentage of forty on the principal amount in the scenario of a partial Guarantee and to a percent of twenty five in the scenario of First Loss Default Guarantee on the facility of credit being extended to the qu alifying borrowing institution by the lending institution. The micro finance institutions that are in place currently are sure to be supported strongly by the development of service and product innovations and also the enhancement to the access of credit for women Microfinance services are set for a considerable amount of expansion that will be seen both horizontally and vertically which will help in the long run for the strengthening of the framework for the financial services being provided from the legal point of view.

Type 1 diabetes :: essays research papers

Squats Versus Lunge   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose of my project grade sheet is to get a better understanding of the movement I chose which was squats versus lunges. The body of my research paper will give the reader a better understanding of the following for my specific movement. Anatomy: The origin and insertions that are involved include the Glutes- gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, Hamstrings- lliotibial band, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, adductor magnus, gracilis, semimembranosus. Calves- Gastrocnemius, soleus, peroneus brevis, flexor hallucis longus. Thighs- Pectineus, sartorius, adductor longus, tensor fasciae latae, gracilis, quadriceps, rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis. These muscles originate just beneath the gluteus maximus on the pelvic bone and attach on the tibia. The primary functions are knee flexions which involve bringing the heel towards the gluteus maximus and hip extensions moving the leg to the rear end. Squats and lunges are a simple but very effective exercise for the lower bodies specifically the legs. It helps with balance and coordination which comes very useful for any sporting events as well as muscle development. The hamstrings, gluteus, and quadriceps muscles can be worked by using dumbb ells, barbells or just by simply using your own body weight, which we refer to as calisthenics. The most important point to remember about calisthenics is that if your muscles do not receive more stress than what they are used to, you are wasting your time. The advantages of using dumbbells and barbells are more effective in developing the smaller synergistic (helping) muscles and stabilizer muscles. Synergism is the combined effects of two or more parts of forces or agents which is greater than the sum of individual effects. The bone articulations that are involved include the pelvic bone, tibia bone and femur. The soft tissue ligaments (connects bone to bone) and tendons (connects muscle to bone) that are involved are the anterior and posterior cruciates, patella tendon connects quadriceps muscles to patella, and it also involves the shins. Kinetics: Sir Isaac Newton a scientist during the 1600’s, made observations about the world surrounding him. The observations he came up with and out of those he developed the three laws of motion. Newton’s laws of motion explain rest, constant motion, and acceleration motion; He described how balance and unbalanced forces act to cause the states of motions. In other words they are fundamental to understanding human movement. The laws that account for my movements are the law of inertia, which is the first law, it states â€Å"a body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force; a body at rest tends to remain at rest unless acted on by a force†.

My favorite quotation of St. Augustine

â€Å"The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page. † ? Augustine of Hippo. This was my favourite quotation of St. Augustine, through my high school years we are taught about his life, journeys and teachings. I have live a Augustinian life, being a follower of Christ he is the one behind all of my success and failures. I may not be one of the best students from my batch but at least once I have proven that I give my best. Yes, I have proven myself and before that happens I almost failed, lost hope and even give up but courage to prove myself become my persuasion for not giving up to achieve all the success in education and in life. A teacher told me about inventing or improving a scientific investigatory project, which me and my group mates once studied and improve. While doing this we struggle searching for parts and materials we need to complete our product. It’s almost two weeks before the deadline but there is still a part of our project missing. We almost lost our hope submitting our project but yet my classmate broke her calculator and we’ve found the exact material that we need to complete this project. After inserting the material needed, finally it worked. Then, we have a week to finish the paper and ask some people to react about our said project. Some questioned it and some thought that it was amazing and good because we can lessen the use of electricity and benefit the solar heat from the sun. On the day of the submission we have to face our teacher and defend our product made, who would thought that we’ve got the highest grade among the class and have the chance to compete in the congress? We never did, it was one of the successful moments for me in my secondary level. In the science congress, we tried our best to win, impress the judges and encourage the audience to see our product and vote for it. Our competitors also has cool, different and creative inventions or innovations. Though we never succeeded on to win the science congress, I still felt happiness and contented just by submitting our project and getting those grades. This is one achievement, I think I had not because I’ve got a high grade, but because I have work on it hard and make everything in it creative and different. I want to achieve more, and I think by entering the University this institution will help me gain more achievement and train me more to become creative. I could tell also that it is not just pure creativity that we need in order to finish one project, it could also be team work. Life could be a tough road to travel through but if we don’t face the tough road we can never extend our talent and creativity. Our day to day experience is a daily lesson we must understand. We may give up but we can never achieve success if we easily loose hope.

Life is a Journey Vs Life is a Battle Essays - Adler, Alfred Adler

Life is a Journey Vs Life is a Battle Essays - Adler, Alfred Adler Life is a Journey Vs. Life is a Battle English 100 Effective College English I Prof. Stef Donev April 20, 2012 Adult Education Mortimer J. Adler makes many points in Adult Education, that gives understanding of what being educated is. Not only does Adler claim that wisdom and maturity is gained later on in life, but is also determined with the life experiences that one surpasses and goes through. There are some strong points that Adler states, but there are quite a few of them I completely disagree on myself. In one of Adlers statements, he informs that even though you have a high school diploma or degree, they are not educated. Part of the matter why I agree on this, is for the reason that when people finish any type of schooling, they are handed a paper perceiving that they graduated but are still in my opinion, not educated. Therefore, this still does not give them a level of maturity that most people have. It all depends on ones life occurrences that determines their level of maturity. Adler states many things I can definitely agree upon. He explains in We all know, and no one can deny, that no child- in school or at the moment of graduation is an educated person (59) , that even though you graduate or earn a degree, it does not automatically signify that you are educated. For the reason being, he is saying this because there are more things to learn in life and things that one will experience as life goes on. Adler also clarifies that just because you have finished what you have been striving for in school, there are still things that one has not been educated with even after you have accomplished schooling. When Adler speaks of I do not care what their chronological age is, whether it is fifteen or twenty-two. If they are still within the walls of a school, college, or university, they are children. They are living a protected, and in many ways an artificial life (61) he strongly informs us this, for the reason being that children are still dependent amongst their parents or guardians. They are provided shelter, clothes, and still are kept from the cruel reality of what the world has to offer them. Adlers sayings are meaning that you have not yet experienced the level of maturity that older individuals have gone through. Therefore, people that are in school, graduated or individuals that have earned a degree still lack life experience. I agree with this because, I still have not yet faced or experienced the harsh life after schooling, noting that I still am in school myself. I also correspond to the fact that we all cant mature without aging. He says this in, We cannot be mature without being aged, and aged through pain and suffering and grief. This kind of suffering, children are spared, but they pay a price for being spared it. I also agree on the fact that we all cant mature without aging. They remain immature, irresponsible, and unserious, in the basic sense of the world. (61) I completely disagree that they wont remain irresponsible and unserious as Adler addressed, but will eventually overcome them as life goes on. An example of what some people lack experience in are having children, getting married, paying bills, going to work, having someone dependent on one another. These are the experiences that help you mature. aging is part of what makes us mature. (61), which Adler states in the article. Some may agree, and some may not but thats how life is, in my opinion. The unremitting process of a learning experience that Adler tries to portray, is one of the main and strongest points in all of this article. It takes a great number of years to gain wisdom. Even after school there are many things that people will encounter in life to gain the knowledge needed. But even though the years you take for reaching a proper education wont be as needed, it will take years to accommodate intelligence or be wise and that is the most important thing. Knowing that the education learned, it will still become an impact later on in life. I feel

Walt Whitman Research Paper Example

Walt Whitman Research Paper Example Walt Whitman Paper Walt Whitman Paper Essay Topic: Leaves Of Grass Wallace Stevens Poems Walt Whitman Poems Walt Whitman is most certainly the forefather of contemporary American prose and poetry. Whitman’s most celebrated work; Leaves of Grass has left a mark not only on American society but also on the work of Allen Ginsberg who is vastly reminiscent of Walt Whitman. I will begin this essay by paralleling the Leaves of Grass to Ginsberg’s Howl while incorporating the work and ideas of other contemporary Amesrican poets. To take one Allen Ginsberg poem as an example, we will be able to draw a corollary between Howl and the poetic style developed by Whitman: â€Å"I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness, starving hysterical naked†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Whitman released himself from rhyme and measure and focused more fervently on identifying and naming the inhabitants of a specific world. Here we can see that Ginsberg is using the same poetic technique and often an idea is repetitively stressed in order to address the world in which he is speaking of. This idea of repetition is best seen in Whitman’s Song of Myself: It cannot fall the young man who died and was buried Nor the young woman who died and was put by his side, Nor the little child that peep’d in at the door, and then drew back and was never seen again, Nor the old man who has lived without purpose, and feels it with bitterness worse than gall, Nor him in the poor house tubercled by rum and bad disorder, Nor the numberless slaughter’d and wreck’d, nor the brutish kobo call’d the ordure of humanity†¦ The stylistic similarities between Ginsberg and Whitman are clearly evident upon the first reading. Walt Whitman was able to open American poetry to a much freer subject and form, this is something that Ginsberg strongly took hold of. Whitman was a radical writer during his time and Ginsberg took similar risks in expressing himself through poetic means. Throughout the course, there has been an underlying theme of attempting to describe the world in whole as well as the individual’s relationship to society. In American society today it feels as though we are pushing individuals to â€Å"walk the road less taken. Ginsberg and Whitman I feel are comparable not only through their stylistic similarities but also through their relationship with societal morals. Ginsberg in the 1950’s was an ultra radical; he essentially was the intellectual basis for the Jack Kerouac â€Å"Beat Generation. † Whitman also challenged the â€Å"order of humanity† and expressed ideas foreign to society at the time of his writing. Modern day America is much more open to individual ity and diversity than it was just forty to fifty years ago. The work of a writer will project much more in a society resistant to outside ideas than it will in a more accessible minded society. Allen Ginsberg’s poem A Supermarket in Heaven is a romantic homage to the change of ideas from the 1850’s to the 1950’s. Ginsberg has an almost mystical attachment to be incorporated into the moment of the world. Whitman had a passionate desire to love and be apart of the world despite the world at times being unlovable. Nick Flynn in The Captain Asks For a Show of Hands also points to the need for man to have openness towards the world. In the fist poem of the collection, haiku (failed) Flynn writes: The thin thread that hold us here, tethered/ or maybe tied, together, What/ do you call it –telephone? horizon? song? Listen/ to yourself sing, We are all god’s children / we are all gods, we walk the earth These opening lines establish a connection between humanity or the lack there of, whether it is a telephone wire or song. Flynn also writes in seven testimonies (redacted) about the horrors, which occurred between the guards and Abu Ghraib detainees. Here again we find that in order for the reader to walk away satisfied the author must take a risk. This specific incident was a moment of great turmoil for America, yet similar to Whitman Flynn still encourages to love and be apart of the world despite it at times being difficult to live with. This is seen in his poem Imagination where he writes, â€Å"†¦the earth/ is dirt, our bodies dirt you/ floating there a hand’s-/ width above me, just until/ things blow over, that/ war, say, Jesus/ did we really just make it all up? It is almost as if he is saying that regardless of evil all humanity is composed of the same materials therefore we are all connected. Differing from Whitman and Ginsberg who were aspiring to gain connection Flynn is writing to regain that sense of connection. The fractured nature of Flynn’s writing became the pressing subject and goal of the book as he begins to decipher the voices of the media, military and government. We live in a world so enveloped with technology that it is difficult to establish a sense of security and trust between another human. There once was a time where a handshake sealed the deal, that hand is no longer valid unless it is â€Å"googled† or sent to a laboratory to ensure its security. Ginsberg wrote during the height of American conformity, the 1950’s, a time when there was still much societal improvement to be made, especially concerning civil rights. There was indeed a necessity to break barriers and restructure the way America viewed its ideal society. Now, as I think Flynn asserts, we have reached a position of heightened equality but our many options have confused the world as a whole and left it standing further disconnected. Ginsberg and Whitman’s theories on society were pragmatic while today the movement is driven much more out of emotion. Many of the contemporary American poets we have read struggle with either a parent, usually their father or a spouse. Nick Flynn himself lost his mother to suicide and met his father for the first time at the age of 27 while working at a homeless shelter. This may shine a brighter light on why he may be so driven towards gaining a greater connection with society. Terrance Hayes another contemporary writes from s similar place in his collection of poems entitled Lighthead. Hayes in Arbor for Butch depicts the cyclical nature of the world through the relationship with his father: I am with my newborn son and the man blood says is my father n a shit motel, and if each of us is, as I sometimes believe, the room we inhabit, he is a bed used until it is stained. Even if I knew this first meeting was our last, I would have nothing to offer beyond the life I have made without him. I think this is highly representative of an individual’s relationship to a society. Despite the speakers inability to establish a meaningful and significant relationship with his father his is still able to bring new life into the world. It goes to show that life is always in a constant state of motion, sometimes there are moments of connectedness and other times it seems to be a distant appeal. Again, we find an author who is not afraid to resist the norms of literary rule or society. Just as Whitman, Ginsberg and Flynn all break away from the standards of poetic writing so does Hayes. On the faculty page of Terrence Hayes at Carnegie Mellon University he writes that, â€Å"he aspires to a poetic style that resists style. † Speaking only in regards to the material read in this course it is evident that profound writing does not conform but rather challenges thought. These thoughts are also not always as refreshing as the wisdom written by Whitman, many times I was left with a bitter taste about America. Hayes writes in Support the Troops: I realize were it nor for the sacrifices of these young boys, America would no longer have its source of power. I have given considerable thought to your offer, but I simply am unable to offer my support. The nature of this poem is very ambiguous but it leaves me with the impression that he is unhappy with America and feels apart from it. Hayes stands himself apart from Ginsberg and Whitman here who acknowledge the negative aspects but still desire to be apart of the â€Å"ordure of (American) humanity. As I near conclusion I felt a need to include Wallace Stevens because he is able to establish a point of view that is still aside from the norm, but does it in a much more benign manner. In the Anecdote of the Jar he writes of a jar placed in the wilderness of Tennessee, â€Å"The wilderness rose up to it,/ and sprawled around no longer wild. / the jar was round upon the ground/ And tall and of a port in air. † This poem was written in 1919 a time when nature was being converted though industry in ways that never seemed possible. It points to the idea that the wild is tangible and as soon as humans incorporate the unnatural with the natural, the wild ceases to exist. This is an idea reminiscent of the modern environmentalist movement, but Stevens wrote this at the turn of the twentieth century. Wallace Stevens is also writing from the prospective of a capitalist, he was a lawyer and vice president of the Hartford insurance company. Americas current fragmentation seen through the work of Flynn, segments society in a way where it would seem impossible for a member of the capitalist elite to write profoundly on the imagination or wilderness as did Stevens. Through the works discussed in this essay there has developed a prevalent theme of connection not only to society but also to the world. Beginning with Whitman there has been a great deal of risk taken in order to get across an idea. Throughout the course of American society, the word risk has always had a prominent part from the revolution to where we stand today. All of the writes discussed are writing in hopes of a more open society, one that understands fragmentation is subsidiary to connectedness.

Prostitution in Modern Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Prostitution in Modern Europe - Essay Example In order to make the picture more prominent, it is better to look into a case of prostitution in early modern London. This instance will be able to present a true picture of how important prostitution became in modern Europe. Margaret Huberty, a woman aged 46 years was prosecuted for keeping a brothel in London in the year 1905. According to many of the witnesses, they saw unknown people going in and coming out of the house on 49, Whitfield Street, which was owned by Mrs. Huberty. When reported to London police, they kept a vigil on the house and found the report to be true. While investigating the house, they found it out to be a brothel run by Mrs. Huberty. The prostitutes were caught red handed when some disturbance caused them to shout from the windows. According to the court paper, it was the lady herself who owned the business. She used to employ prostitutes and keep them in the house. The prostitutes were also seen to accompany the men on the streets. These men were the customers and all of them were from high society. Margaret Huberty, a middle aged woman with the possession of a house does not present a picture of poverty hovering over her life. It becomes, therefore, a question of great importa nce, what compelled women like Mrs. Huberty to choose this profession as the means of earning. (The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 2003) Keeping a Keeping a brothel was nothing new in London from the second half of the 19th century. A Bailey Court case in the year 1869 tells about three London women prosecuted with this charge. They were Mary Ann Clark, Christiana Clark and Jane Roberts. Three of them compelled a girl under the age of twenty to take up the profession of a prostitute. Apart from that, they were also involved in the business of running a bawdy house. This incident clearly indicates that prostitution was quite prominently taken as a profession since that age in early modern Europe. To these women, marriage and security did not appear to be good options in life. Prostitution and its business could give them huge amount of money and this shows that these modern women in Europe understood the value of wealth very well, although social rules were ignorable to them. Another session held in the London's Central Criminal Court in the year 1889 shows an evidence of late 19th century prostitution in this city. Here, a 23 year old lady named Annie Gough was prosecuted with the charge of counterfeiting coins. Although the charge was very far from prostitution, the accused person clearly declared in the court that her main means of earning was through prostitution. She confessed before the Magistrate that her prostitution was the main profession on which her husband depended, too. This presents a picture that looks quite bleak from any social perspective. This also refers to the irresponsibility of the husband and his indifference about his wife's profession. Unlike the case of Mrs. Huberty, Gough's case had a ground of poverty. (The Proceedings of Old Bailey, 2003) According to many of the social critics, prostitution in modern Europe was a result of poverty in the families. It is also stated that in many cases, this was a temporary alternative for the women to survive. Still, this will be very unjustified to say that it was only poverty that compelled the modern European women to choose this profession. The historical survey suggests that 30% of the whole

Writing dialogue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Writing dialogue - Essay Example After checking for mail she turned towards the library, her head full of the dreaming spires and grey skies of Oxford. The hushed atmosphere of the library was like a second home. Mohamed searched his usual furrow of bookshelves, selecting a complete works of Shakespeare, a very large English/Arabic dictionary and the post-colonial journal that he was currently working his way through. Alice saw him draw back his shoulders and assume the pose of an Egyptian: proud, tall with coal black eyes and a noble gaze. He was well dressed, she noted. Sports jacket, black trousers and those shoes. â€Å"Women. Plural. Your religion allows a man to have many wives. But the women are only allowed to have one man. Or in fact just a part of a man, since there are other wives as well. I don’t see how that is fair to women.† â€Å"It is our culture. And we are only allowed to have four wives at the most. Usually we have just one, because it is very expensive to have many wives. But our society is based on scientific principles. This way ensures that the children are born into a loving home with all that they need. The men do not need to go astray because they always have a woman at home for, for†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Yes, of course. And there are words, too, that I find hard to understand. Sometimes I just don’t get what men are all about. Isn’t it strange that we two come from far places to seek knowledge in this ancient

Serving Time in Virginia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Serving Time in Virginia - Essay Example Sir Edwin Sandys has tried to rebuild the Jamestown in three ways. He attracted the new investors by granting them the head rights for introducing and brining in new tenants. He grabbed the attention of new settlers by introducing lotteries. He tried to make the colony a more peaceful and pleasant place to settle down in by abolishing martial law. Citizens were extended the rights to select two members of the colony as their representatives or spokespersons. Even after the years of struggle and reconstruction, Jamestown was lacking a lot of attention. Citizens were legally enforced to grow corns. Insufficient food, arrival of unprepared settlers, inadequate housing facilities and presence of contaminated wells were becoming the reason of spreading disease. People were more interested in growing tobacco than corn despite food scarcity. This raised the question why Jamestown was still not self-sufficient despite the hard struggle. Another reason could be the transformation of Virginia into a boom country. The settlers discovered new innovative ways to produce more crops of tobacco. They also predicted that they could grow more tobacco crops only if they would have servants or peons taking care of their crops. This idea pinned the concept of slavery for the first time. The tenants gave fifty percent of their crops to plantation owners and worked for four to seven years in their fields. On the other hand, the servants worked with full commi tment and dedication in exchange for food, shelter and their passage from England. As a result, with the help of tenants and new laborers, colonists looked forward to become richer by producing more tobacco. Gradually, tobacco became the economic trademark of the colony. Serving Time in Virginia also raises some questions as to why slavery didn’t grow well during the time when labor was valued greatly. It is worth mentioning that only 5 percent of the Africans

Personal Narrative and First-Hand Observation Essay Example for Free

Personal Narrative and First-Hand Observation Essay Personal Narrative and First-Hand Observation in a Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass, the Ballot or the Bullet, and Dance with the Devil By davidleny Personal narrative and first-hand observation are key components if an author wishes to be effective in his writing. Through the use of personal narrative and first- hand observation, the author is able to gain sympathy from or relate to the audience. Although it can be argued the use of these two components does not result in effective writing, it is proven to be true in Frederick Douglass A Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass, Malcolm Xs The Ballot or the Bullet, and Immortal Techniques Dance with the Devil. In A Narrative Life Of Frederick Douglass by Frederick Douglass, Frederick uses his personal life experience to demonstrate the inhumane brutality and mistreatment against the African American slaves. Douglass is effective in his writing and attracts the attention of the audience. For example, earlier in the narrative Frederick mentions how loving and caring his grandmother was and how she took care of and nurtured every slave child. Later on in the narrative he mentions that when his old masters die, his grandmother was isolated and taken away from her children to live alone in the woods in a mud chimney hut. Text 1) The use of Douglass personal experience with his grandmother captivates his audience because the African American enslaved community, whom this narrative at the time was directed towards, also had a grandmother who nurtured them. Likewise in The Ballot or The Bullet by Malcolm X, Malcolm discusses that even though people have differences, we all face the same problem. Malcolm expresses that whether you are Muslim, Baptist, or Methodist, we all are going to suffer the decisions of the man that is in charge of us. (Text 2) The audience is able to connect to his experience because e involved people of all religions. Malcolms experience allows the audience to become aware of what is to come and that they will all suffer the consequences. Malcolm is effective in his writing because he includes the rights of every human. The audience concerning their well being of is captivated and becomes aware of the situation. Furthermore in Dance with the Devil by Immortal Techniques, the artist reveals the truth that not everyone is good, that everyone has evil in them. The artists engagement of all races and of the welfare of the people gains the attention f the audience and is effective. For example, the artist says that the person right next to you could be the devil and that the devil consumes the hearts of the selfish and the wicked. (Text 3, Lines 1,2, and 5. ) His use of the devil as evil supports his belief that not everything is good. First-hand observation and personal narrative is required to have effective writing in order to grasp the attention of the audience. This is evident in Frederick Douglass A Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass, Malcolm Xs The Ballot or the Bullet, and Immortal Techniques Dance with the Devil.