What I Learned About Research At An Introductory Level Essay

In the reading of the book Methods in Behavioral Research, the author clearly defines the case study as â€Å"an observational method that provides a description of an individual† (Bates, 2012, pg. 121). The objectives of this course fitting to our syllabus were to familiarize us to the practices of psychological research, to advance our understanding of how research is completed and the methods used to do it, and to give us the capability to communicate knowledgeably about the ideas following the research procedure. This paper will use myself as a case study to inspect what I have learned about research as it applies to the above-mentioned goals. An inspection of those techniques and the idea of investigation itself will then be laid against the Biblical guidelines that have been set before us Christians. What Have I Learned About Research at an Introductory Level? As stated in our syllabus, research is essential to the science of psychology. This course was an introduction to the basic concepts and instruments needed to assess and conduct research. Through understanding the research process, as well as the ideas such as validity and reliability, we become better acute consumers and producers of research. I have also learned that research comes in many different tests and observation, but each method is just as important as the last one. Why Use Research and the Scientific Method? In the field of psychological wellbeing, specialists must be regularly studying forShow MoreRelatedWhat I Have Learned About Research At An Introductory Level986 Words   |  4 Pagesa community, or an organization. Case Studies illustrate a problem; indicate a means for solving a problem; and/or shed light on needed research, clinical applications, or theoretical materials† (APA, 2010, p. 11). The goal of this paper is for me to conduct a case study on myself and explain what I have learned about research at an introductory level, and how I evaluate or critique it from a biblical, Christian perspective. The Subject: Jasmine The subject of this case study is a 19-year-oldRead MoreWhat I Have Learned About Research At An Introductory Level1776 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout this course I have learned many things about research at an introductory level. Research is a critical part of all of our lives in many ways. God blesses each of us with a degree of common sense and we all learn from observing others even as babies, we learned behaviors and skills by observing our parents. Walking through experiences throughout life teach us a lot we need to know as well but sometimes we have to take a better approach when we need to learn about certain things. ManyRead MoreWhat I Learned About Research At An Introductory Level As A Case Study1069 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Within the eight weeks of this course, we learned a lot about psychological research. This course provided an understanding of how research is completed. This course also gave an understanding of what methods to utilize based on that particular research that is being conducted. In this paper I will discuss exactly what I learned about research at an introductory level as a case study. In the field of mental health, professionals must be constantly looking for ways to help their patientsRead MoreStatement of Teaching Philosophy, and My Experience Teaching Chemistry in India1063 Words   |  5 Pagesonly load their minds, he cannot quicken them.† †¦ Rabindranath Tagore (Nobel prize in literature in 1913) This is my favorite quotation because it express what, I think, is the essence of teaching and learning. As a student, I have observed that the best teachers were those who cared the most about teaching. It is noteworthy to mention that, I loved the way of my organic chemistry teacher taught conformational chemistry by using models. Therefore, a teacher has to create a way to teach the fundamentalRead MoreWhat I Have Learned And Perfected While Taking This Course934 Words   |  4 PagesResearch can be a very scary topic when it is first introduced to a class, and I was that scary student. Research to me was like learning how to swim for the first time with a life vest on, and my heart beating 100 miles per hour because I’m so afraid. Taking off my life vest and diving into this research course has been very rewarding for me. I have learned so much in such a short amount of time. It has open my eyes up to a variety of ways I can start and conduct my research. Research is not soRead MoreMy Day As An Emergency Room Volunteer852 Words   |  4 Pageseffort his vital signs are stabilized and he begins to regain consciousness. Later, after the excitement had passed, I learned what brought him here. He is diabetic and couldn’t afford to properly manage his condition. He had fainted due to hypoglycemia and hit his head. He had almost lost his life because of the unfortunate financial realities of modern healthcare. In that moment, I came to appreciate the very real cost of disease and the incredible role physicians have in ameliorating it. This formativeRead MoreMy Future Career As A Law Enforcement Officer1821 Words   |  8 Pageslast seven weeks students have dove into the study of research, receiving an introduction to a deeper level of conducting and reinterpreting different research methods. Questions such as, â€Å"What have you learned about research at an introductory level?† and â€Å"How do you evaluate or critique this from a bibl ical, Christian perspective?† will be answered in the personal case study that will be conducted on myself. The fascinating thing about research is that every individual conducts it in a differentRead MoreAnalysis of the Class Orientation to Psychology Essay1371 Words   |  6 Pagespart of my college experience thus far. Although I came into college confidently declared as a psychology major, I didn’t really know what this meant or entailed prior to taking this course. This course taught me valuable information about myself, about the field of psychology, and about how I can mold those two together. All that I’ve learned this semester in Orientation to Psychology helped me to form a coherent and positive understanding of who I am and how this identity fits into the world ofRead MoreFacilitation of Learning1390 Words   |  6 Pagesalso essential for mentors to maintain professional knowledge and skills and to reflect on experiences that facilitate learning. Th is is in agreement with the standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives (NMC 2008). As a mentor I have the privilege and responsibility for helping students translate theory into practice. According to NMC (2008) while supporting and assessing learners the mentor should have the following qualities to establish an effective working relationship,Read MoreHow I Have Learned As A Student Essay1426 Words   |  6 Pagesthe various methods I have learned as a student in the introduction to research course. The skills and methods taught in this class have been presented through course textbooks, online articles and videos, and interaction with the professor. Other opportunities for learning the research skills and methods occurred through writing of papers, testing knowledge through quizzes, and through interactive discussion board threads and posts. In addition to acknowledging these learned methods, this paper

Auditing challenging fair value measurement - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Auditing challenging fair value measurement. Answer: Introduction The globally known and publicized series of the financial scandals that had occurred in the last few years have effectively eroded the public trust in regards to the audit process of the corporate bodies. The gradually increasing mistrust has led to the public, doubting the role of the auditors carrying out such evaluating procedures. This is because the primary duty of a public auditor lies in acting, in the interest of the public, thus safeguarding the public welfare. The series of auditing scandals that have taken place has led to the public, question the ethics of the auditor. In fact the trust placed in the accuracy of services provided by the auditors has also been hampered. The importance of the ethical considerations in the profession of auditing has increased over the years mainly due to these frequent financial scandals. The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has also developed a professional code of ethics for the auditors. This has been done in order to regula te the ethical considerations involved in the profession of auditing. In spite of such initiatives taken, the occurrence of the auditing scandals has not decreased in number (Pearce 2016). This study particularly aims to focus on this particular topic of accounting scandals and the initiatives taken by the accounting professional bodies like ICAEW, ACCA, ICAS and CIMA and the big four auditing firms like PWC, KPMG, Deloitte and EY for improving the reputation of the audit. In order to achieve such an outcome the particular investigation by the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) of the audit proceedings by KPMG of British giant, Rolls Royce has been analyzed. The issues that led to the occurrence of such a particular auditing scandal and the recommendations for mitigating such financial scandals have also been discussed in this study. KPMG Audit Plcs audit of Rolls-Royce Group The conglomerate Rolls-Royce had already been alleged in the year of 2010, for paying a huge amount of fine (671 million) to the Serious Fraud Office. The luxury car company did admit to a number of corruption charges that involved falsifying accounts, interference with the ongoing investigations and payments in tens of millions of pounds to win the ownership of the contracts in Indonesia, Thailand, Russia and China (Arruda de Almeida and Zagaris 2015). KPMG has been the sole firm responsible for carrying out the audits of Rolls-Royce. The investigation by the Financial Reporting Council has been executed in relation to the financial statements of the Rolls-Royce Group plc for the year ended 31 December 2010 and the Rolls-Royce holdings plc for the financial years of 2011, 2012 and 2013. This investigation had been carried out as a result of the Senior Fraud Office announcement on 17th January, 2017 that a Deferred Prosecution Agreement between the Serious Fraud Office (SFO) and the Rolls-Royce plc has been agreed (Mayer 2017). A DPA is a statutory means with the help of which a corporate entity will have gained the authority to appear to a court for conduct without suffering the complete consequences of a criminal conviction that might result in restriction of the firm for competing for public contracts. The particular event that led to the requirement of a DPA was the scandal that had taken place in the year of 2010. The corruption charges that the leading automaker company was accused of ranged back for more than over twenty years. Rolls-Royce has been bribing hugely for gaining the ownerships illegally. The British giant has been adopting such unethical and illegal practices since 1989 till 2013 (Tombs and Whyte 2015). An instance of the cases against which the investigations are carried out is that the $100 million order for the supply of Trent 700 jet engines to Indonesias Garuda airline in the year of 1991. The Indonesian deal had been a well known deal for Rolls-Royce. The general estimation that th e engines that were to be selected belonged to the US rival Pratt Whitney. However, the deal was overruled in favor of the Rolls-Royce Group. Even proper evidence had been recorded in support of the unethical action committed by the company. Senior officials at the Rolls Royce did agree to the payment of $2.25 million along with a Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit car that was rewarded to an agent for the sale of Trent 700 engines to Garuda (KISS, FLP and CORDO? 2015). It had been further recorded that the employees of the Rolls-Royce were charged with the payment of $2.2 million to the executives of Air Asia for winning the ownership of sales orders. The company had admitted to a total of seven counts of conspiracy in terms of corruption and five cases in regards to failure to prevent bribery. Furthermore, the company had also engaged itself in the payment of bribes of a total amount of $36.3 million to the agents of Thai Airways for securing orders (Nomoto 2016). There have been similar instances of such illegal operations in Germany, India and China. As a consequence, the company had received two profit warnings and had applied for a DPA so that the company would not be criminally convicted. As it can be concluded from the above instances the major offences, against which the company had been charged guilty, are payment of bribes, receiving bribes, the bribery of foreign public officials and the failure of a commercial organization to prevent bribery. Issues that potentially led to the scandal The issues that led to the unlawful conduct of the leading automaker company involved the inappropriate or unethical use of the third-party intermediaries (TPIs). TPIs include people from the category of agents like distributors, brokers, government intermediaries and resellers. Therefore, the unethical proceedings by Roll-Royce had occurred due to the close associations with the suppliers, customers or the public officials and making improper offers to them for securing orders or obtaining favoritism (Bingham and Druker 2017). Now, the particular causes for the occurrence of a financial scandal may be numerous. For instance, the lack of transparency in the financial transactions or the existence of a poor structure of internal control within the organization may be the potential reasons for the occurrence of a financial fraud. Moreover, the lack of independent audit department in the organization might also lead to fraudulent occurring. In case of Rolls-Royce the company had also revealed that its civil aerospace unit would have made an operating loss instead of an 800 million pound profit, if the company had used a different accounting method. The operating profit of the group would be two-fifth of what had already been reported in the annual report. This clearly indicates that the accounting practices followed by the automaker are complicated and difficult to comprehend which has effectively helped in the process of executing the fraudulent activities (Bowman 2014). Furthermore, the issue that is coming up from the above discussions is that the auditing evaluations of the accounting as well as the internal operating procedures of the organization have not been conducted properly. The primary duty of an auditor lies in making sure that the business operations that are carried out by a particular firm are genuine and reflects a true and fair view of the financial condition of the company. However, in case of the British giant, Rolls-Royce that primary perspective of audit has been effectively hampered. Thus, to be very particular the issue that led to the financial scandal in Rolls-Royce was an instance of audit capability. This means that the audit carried out by the particular auditing firm is not appropriate as it is not looking into the proper areas or is not conducting the auditing evaluations in accordance to the analysis framework established by the regulating bodies (Carr and Jago 2014). In case of Rolls-Royce the audit had been conducted by one of the big four firms that is KPMG. However, the exposure of the financial scandal carried out by the company has questioned the audit carried out by KPMG over the years. The Financial Reporting Council has thus launched an investigation into the audit of Rolls-Royce by KPMG. Though KPMG had taken enough initiative and it would be unfair to blame an audit firm for the misconduct of their client, KPMG has failed to ensure its primary duty that is to ensure the welfare of the public who are in this case the employees of the organization, the stakeholders and the luxury car makers whose reputation had been at stake due to the unethical deeds carried out by Rolls-Royce. In the annual report of Rolls-Royce for the financial year of 2014, KPMG had indicated that the company had made use of estimations and assumptions that resulted in mildly cautious profit recognition (Soh, Leung and Leong 2015). However, the audit firm should have been much stricter and should have delved into the issue further, highlighting the fraudulent operations carried out by the corporate body. The audit firm in a 2013 report had also mentioned that the company was at risk of bribery, but again did not delve further into the issue. In support of the perspective that the accounting scandal was a result of lack of audit capability, the FRC while conducting the investigation had reported that the audit proceedings were deficient in nature (William, Glover and Prawitt 2016). Therefore, the fact that can be summarized from the above discussion is that accounting scandal that had been carried out by the leading automaker company was a result of lack of audit capability. Initiatives taken by the regulating bodies One of the international regulating bodies like the ICAEW has established an entire new reporting model for the purpose of mitigating the occurrence of accounting scandals. The new reporting model effectively promotes the communication of the business proceedings to the investors and other stakeholders of business at regular intervals. The new reporting model also establishes a transparency in reporting the business proceedings. ICAEW believes in the fact that the ongoing financial scandals have led to a huge gap between what is being audited and what the public believe should be audited (Cannon and Bedard 2016). The regulating body acknowledges the requirement of an enhanced corporate reporting and a greater degree of assurance. Thus, the potential solution lies in the fact that the corporate reporting has to improve qualitatively. The new reporting model not only promotes transparency but also mandates the preparation of a sustainability report that effectively should disclose all the information that concerns the stakeholders. Even the materiality issues should also be disclosed in order to ensure the report reflects the true and fair view of the company (Soh, Leung and Leong 2015). ACCA on the other hand, has identified the reasons of lack of audit capability like the lack of human resources as a result of high talent attrition rate, lack of focus on the audit quality and inability to understand the business carried out by the client. ACCA recommends the development of solutions by the proper collection of audit evidence and adopting an honest approach while preparing the audit report for the client (Masztalerz 2014). The ICAS or FRC that had played the major role in launching an investigation behind the auditing proceedings carried out by KPMG in case of Rolls-Royce has developed strict guidelines in achieving the objective of less frequent accounting scandals. After the occurrence of the Rolls-Royce accounting scandal, the FRC did make a mandatory rule that an organization is required to change the auditing firm carrying out its annual audit in every ten years. This is another potential solution that may be applicable in the case of Rolls-Royce. The auditing firm, KPMG had been associated with Rolls-Royce for a period of 25 years. This might have led to the development of personal relationship between the firm and the company, on account of which they adopted a lenient approach towards auditing the British giant (Dewing and Russell 2015). The global body CIMA aims to develop a risk prevention framework that consists of four major components prevention, detection, deterrence and response. The regulating body also states that maintenance of high ethical standards in regards to business operations also reap long term benefits not only to the stakeholders but also to the company as well (Knechel and Salterio 2016). The particular solution in case of the Rolls-Royce accounting scandal The particular solution in regards to the Rolls-Royce financial scandal is that the auditing process should be conducted following a particular framework. It is the primary duty of the organization to maintain the highest standards of integrity while dealing in business operations. However, when the case is not such, the auditor must step in and point out the particular areas of doubt. In case of Rolls-Royce, the fraud was not just limited to a handful of rogue employees but the senior management was also involved in paying and receiving bribes. This should have been noted by KPMG and allegedly reported. The reasons KPMG failed to do so was lack of auditing capabilities. The firm being attached to its client for more than 20 years made the audit team to blindly believe in the integrity standards of the conglomerate. Thus, this evidently indicates that audit rotation in regards to the firm is also necessary. However, the fact that the foremost should be adhered to is the strict follow ing of the audit principles as laid down by the regulating bodies. The corporate bodies should also adhere to the corporate reporting standards established by the regulatory boards. Conclusion Thus, as can be concluded from the above discussions, in spite of the trust issues between the public and the audit firms, the compliance to the solutions or amendments established by the regulating bodies will certainly improve the future of the profession. The corporate bodies have to understand that adopting fraudulent techniques will definitely harm the business in the long run. Therefore, the maintenance of ethical standards will make the work of the auditors easy and in turn ascertain and promote transparent business operations. References and Bibliography Alles, M.G., 2015. Drivers of the Use and Facilitators and Obstacles of the Evolution of Big Data by the Audit Profession. Accounting Horizons, 29(2), pp.439-449. Arruda de Almeida, M. and Zagaris, B., 2015. Political Capture in the Petrobus Corruption Scandal: The Sad Tale of an Oil Giant. Fletcher F. World Aff., 39, p.87. Backof, A., Bowlin, K. and Goodson, B., 2017. The impact of proposed changes to the content of the audit report on jurors assessments of auditor negligence. Bingham, C. and Druker, J., 2017. Acting With Integrity Across The World? What Do Multinationals Say About Labour Standards?. Bowman, C., 2014. When are Executives Paid Too Much?. Byrnes, P.E., Al-Awadhi, C.A., Gullvist, B., Brown-Liburd, H., Teeter, C.R., Warren Jr, J.D. and Vasarhelyi, M., 2015. Evolution of auditing: from the traditional approach to the future audit. Audit Analytics, 71. Cannon, N.H. and Bedard, J.C., 2016. Auditing challenging fair value measurements: Evidence from the field. The Accounting Review, 92(4), pp.81-114. Carr, I.M. and Jago, R., 2014. Corruption, Money Laundering, Secrecy and Societal Responsibility of Banks. Christensen, B.E., Glover, S.M., Omer, T.C. and Shelley, M.K., 2016. Understanding audit quality: Insights from audit professionals and investors. Contemporary Accounting Research, 33(4), pp.1648-1684. Dewing, I.P. and Russell, P.O., 2015. Audit, Supervision and Risk in Financial Services. ICAS. KISS, C., FLP, M.T. and CORDO?, G.S., 2015. Relevant Aspects Regarding the Changes of the Statutory Audit Report in the Light of International Regulations. Audit Financiar, 13(126). Knechel, W.R. and Salterio, S.E., 2016. Auditing: Assurance and risk. Taylor Francis. Kogan, A., Alles, M.G., Vasarhelyi, M.A. and Wu, J., 2014. Design and evaluation of a continuous data level auditing system. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, 33(4), pp.221-245. Masztalerz, M., 2014. Global Management Accounting Principles-Emperor's New Clothes. Research Papers of Wroc?aw University of Economics, (345). Mayer, C., 2017. Whose Responsible for Irresponsible Business? An Assessment. Nomoto, S., 2016, September. Product planning and innovative developments from the perspective of anticipated market trends in the coming years: An analytical approach based on machine tools developed for auto manufacturers. In Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 2016 Portland International Conference on (pp. 2549-2562). IEEE. Pearce, B., 2016. Gatsbys Rolls-Royce: reflections on the automobile and literature. English Academy Review, 33(2), pp.52-67. Soh, D.S., Leung, P. and Leong, S., 2015. The development of integrated reporting and the role of the accounting and auditing profession. In Social Audit Regulation (pp. 33-57). Springer International Publishing. Tombs, S. and Whyte, D., 2015. Introduction to the Special Issue on Crimes of the Powerful. The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice, 54(1), pp.1-7. William Jr, M., Glover, S. and Prawitt, D., 2016. Auditing and assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Education.

Literary Analysis of the Speech free essay sample

Frederick Douglass was a fiery orator and his speeches were often published in various abolitionist newspapers. Among his well-known speeches is The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro, presented in Rochester, New York, on July 5, 1852, a version of which he published as a booklet. It is often studied in literature classes today. Douglass moved to Rochester in 1847, when he became the publisher of The North Star, an abolitionist weekly. There were approximately 500 attendees who heard him speak, each paying twelve and a half cents. He had been invited to speak about what the Fourth of July means for Americas black population, and while the first part of his speech praises what the founding fathers did for this country, his speech soon develops into a condemnation of the attitude of American society toward slavery. Douglass begins his speech by addressing Mr. President, Friends and Fellow Citizens. Here, he is likely addressing the president of the Anti-Slavery Society — not the president of the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Literary Analysis of the Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is noteworthy that Douglass considers himself a citizen, an equal to the spectators in attendance.Throughout this speech, as well as his life, Douglass advocated equal justice and rights, as well as citizenship, for blacks. He begins his speech by modestly apologizing for being nervous in front of the crowd and recognizes that he has come a long way since his escape from slavery. He tells the audience that they have gathered to celebrate the Fourth of July, but he reminds them that the nation is young, and, like a young child, it is still impressionable and capable of positive change.He touches on the history of the American Revolutionaries fight for freedom against their legal bondage under British rule. He tells the audience that he supports the actions of these revolutionaries. Douglass thereby sets up an argument for the freeing of slaves. He reminds the audience that, in 1776, many people thought it was subversive and dangerous to revolt against British tyranny. In 1852, however, with hindsight, to say that America was right, and England wrong is exceedingly easy. Similarly, he reasons, in 1852, people consider abolitionism a dangerous and subversive political stance. Douglass thus implies that future generations will probably consider his anti-slavery stance patriotic, just, and reasonable. Douglass praises and respects the signers of the Declaration of Independence, people who put the interests of a country above their own. He concedes, however, that the main purpose of his speech is not to give praise and thanks to these men, for he says that the deeds of those patriots are well known.Instead, he urges his listeners to continue the work of those great revolutionaries who brought freedom and democracy to this land. Douglass then asks a rhetorical question: Are the great principles of political freedom and of natural justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us [blacks]? He pushes forward his thesis: This Fourth July [sic] is yours, not mine [italics his]. Indeed, he says, to ask a black person to celebrate the white mans freedom from oppression and tyranny is inhuman mockery and sacrilegious irony. By sacrilegious, he means the evil defilement of sacred American ideals — democracy, freedom, and equal rights. The real subject of his speech, he concedes, is American slavery. He condemns America for being untrue to its founding principles, its past, and its present. The audience must fulfill what the founders of the country advocated. To the slave, Douglass tells the audience, your 4th of July is a sham; your boasted liberty, an unholy license [for enslaving blacks] . . . your shouts of liberty and equality, hollow mockery. Douglass spends the next part of his speech pre-empting some of the arguments that theoretical opponents might make. As for the mildly sympathetic spectator who complains that the abolitionist fails to make a favorable impression by constantly denouncing slavery rather than making persuasive arguments, Douglass retorts by saying that there are no more arguments to be made. He says there is no person on earth who would be in favor of becoming a slave himself. How can it be, therefore, that some people are in favor of imposing a condition on others that they would not impose on themselves?As for those who maintain that slavery is part of a divine plan, Douglass argues that something which is inhuman cannot be considered divine. He considers such a pro-slavery posture to be blasphemy because it gives cruelty a place in Gods nature. Douglass condemns the profits made from the slave trade, and, once again, he compares the treatment of slaves to that of animals. He mentions that in Balti more, slave traders transported slaves in chains to ships in the dead of night because anti-slavery activism had made the public aware of the cruelty of that trade. Douglass recalls that when he was a child, the cries of chained slaves passing his house on route to the docks in the middle of the night had a chilling, unsettling effect on him. Next, Douglass condemns the American churches and ministers (excluding, of course, abolitionist religious movements such as Garrisons) for not speaking out against slavery. The contemporary American church, by remaining silent and acquiescing to the existence of slavery, he argues, is more of an infidel than Paine, Voltaire, or Bolingbroke (three eighteenth-century philosophers who spoke out against the churches of their time).Douglass argues that the church is superlatively guilty — superlative, meaning even more guilty — because it is an institution which has the power to eradicate slavery by condemning it. The Fugitive Slave Law, Douglass reasons, is tyrannical legislation because it removes all due process and civil rights for the black person: For black men, there is neither law nor justi ce, humanity nor religion. (Under this Act, even freed blacks could easily be accused of being fugitive slaves and taken to the South. The Christian church which allows this law to remain in effect, Douglass says, is not really a Christian church at all. Douglass returns to his theme of American democracy and freedom. He criticizes American ideology as inconsistent. For him, while it professes freedom, it does not give all people that right. And while it advocates democracy in Europe and elsewhere, it does not grant it to its own entire people. Similarly, he argues that while the American Declaration of Independence states that all men are created equal, American society creates an under-class of men and women.To his opponents who believe that the Constitution permits slavery, Douglass offers the writings of Spooner, Goodell, Sewall, and Smith — four abolitionists whose essays clearly vindicate the Constitution from any design to support slavery. Douglass sides with those activists who believe that the founding fathers meant to eliminate slavery and that the Constitution reflects this. Douglass concludes on an optimistic note. He believes that anti-slavery sentiments will eventually triumph over pro-slavery forces. Nations, particularly Western countries, in the mid-nineteenth century were generally against slavery.In fact, slavery was banned in the British colonies in 1834 and in the French colonies in 1848; politicians in those countries could no longer claim to support the rights of man while allowing slavery. He argues that no longer can the cruelties of American slavery be hidden from the rest of the world. Trade and commerce have opened up borders, and political ideas know no boundaries. Douglass closes his essay with a poem by Garrison entitled The Triumph of Freedom, stressing the inevitable arrival of freedom and the abolitionists promise to fight slavery whateer the peril or the cost.

20 Exploratory Essay Topics on Mayan Civilization

20 Exploratory Essay Topics on Mayan Civilization Mayan civilization is probably one of the most fascinating and intriguing cultures that ever existed on Earth. From its unclear origins to incredible scientific and artistic advances achieved by the Mayan culture at its peak to its sudden unexplainable demise – everything about it looks as if it was invented specifically to pique the curiosity of later generations. Mayan civilization is a mind-boggling combination of seemingly incompatible elements. It never evolved past the Stone Age. Like all other Mesoamerican cultures, ancient Mayans never knew metalworking, the wheel and many other advances that most civilizations make relatively early in their development. Nevertheless, they managed to create architecture that took into account advanced factors such as stress and strain, astronomical and mathematical systems that were by far superior to anything that existed at the time and were far beyond their own needs. They could do sums up into the millions, predict movements of the planets for thousands of years ahead and were probably the first to define the concept of the mathematical zero. At the same time, they practiced brutal human sacrifices, ritual torture, bloodletting and cannibalism. Any and all of these aspects of their civilization can be used as a basis for an excellent exploratory essay – here are 20 sample Mayan civilization e ssay topics for you to start from: Mass Exodus of the Maya: Possible Reasons The Mayan Religion and Human Sacrifice The Concept of Death in the Mayan Culture The Significance of Bloodletting Ceremony in the Mayan Culture Maya Calendar and the End of the World in 2012 Syncretic Religion of Modern Maya The Ritual Ballgame and Its Importance for the Mayan Culture The Idea of Cyclical Development in the Mayan Culture Discovery of the Mayan Civilization by John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood Scientific and Cultural Achievements of the Mayan Civilization The Written Legacy of the Mayan Civilization The Economy of Ancient Mayan City-States The Mayan Language and Preservation of the Mayan Culture The Modern Maya: Keeping the Traditions of the Past Maya Mythology and Its Connections with Other Mesoamerican Beliefs Urban Design of Ancient Mayan Cities Peculiarities of the Maya Script Ancient Mayan Cuisine and Agriculture as a Reflection of the Culture Methods of Human Sacrifice used by the Mayan Civilization and their Ritual Significance Incredible Advances of Mayan Astronomy and Mathematics As you may see, there is a lot you can say about the Mayan civilization, and since its discovery in the 19th century a lot has been added to our knowledge about this ancient culture – which means that whatever topic you choose or create on your own, there is almost certain to be plenty of information you can use. Unhealthy fascination a lot of people had about the end of the world allegedly prophesized by the Mayan calendar to happen in 2012 did a lot to popularize Maya – which you can easily use to your own advantage.

Company's Performance Management System Assignment

Company's Performance Management System - Assignment Example The major objective of the Beverage brand is a global recognition as an organization believing and nurturing ethical and responsible business. The organization wants to achieve a sustainable growth with the objective of operating in the future. The goals of the organization’s performance management are to enable highest level performance. The objective of the global performance system of Coca-Cola is to create an environment where workers and employees and develop and excel skills for improving themselves as well as move forward in their career goals (The Coca–Cola Company, 2013a). The most recognized performance management system of Coca-Cola is known as peak performance process. This system is implemented all around the global offices of Coca-Cola. The peak performance process invites all the employees’ to participate in its multifaceted program, round the year. The process includes development, performance and elements of career planning that are recorded in t he online tool of the organization (Jonhson and Scholes, 2002). Bonuses and compensations are linked to this system and are calculated on the basis of this process every year. BENEFITS AND SHORTFALL The performance management system at coca-cola is achieved through four different stages of the annual business cycle. The management system is composed of multiple objectives. The first stage is the annual performance review which is held to access the previous year results. The objective of this stage is to appreciate the top performers of the previous tear. Other objective during this stage is to prepare feedback and coaching for the key performance indicators, key performance objectives and competencies of last year (The Coca–Cola Company, 2013b). Apart from reviewing last year performance, the annual review also sets the development plan of current year. The key performance indicators and the key performance areas and the competencies for current year are identifies. The seco nd stage is planning for the performance of the year. In this stage, the key performance areas and competencies are finalized and delegated throughput the organization. The third stage of performance management is the reward and recognition phase. In this stage, the pay linked to performance is indicated and top performers are recognized. The last stage is the mid-term review, where coaching and feedback is provided. A 360 degree feedback on competencies is provided and well as competency development plan is formalized. Figure 1 Performance Management System at Coca-Cola Source: The Coca–Cola Company (2013c) The key benefits of using this performance management system can be described as follows; 1. Development of skills for improvement 2. Excellence in performance 3. Advancement in career goals. By providing the right resources, training and performance measurement programs, the organization makes sure that employees are sufficiently equipped with skills and capabilities whi ch will help them in building their career (Sahoo and Mishra, 2012). By providing appropriate authority and job responsibilities to the job holders, the managers makes sure that the functions of Coca-cola are focused on activities such as coordination, division, task control and proper flow of information. The performance at coca-cola focuses on acquisition and retention of highly skilled and knowledgeable employees and

Forensic science - fingerprint analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Forensic science - fingerprint analysis - Essay Example Ninhydrin treatment involves dipping the items in a ninhydrin solution and allowing the prints to develop over 24 to 48 hours (Lennard, 2001). Physical developer is an aqueous solution, which contains a ferrous/ferric redox system along with silver nitrate and citric acid, and stabilised by a surfactant. Placing a document in the reagent, leads to the deposition of silver from the solution onto any latent fingermarks. The reaction is catalysed by water-insoluble components of the deposit (Lennard, 2001). Small particle reagent is a suspension of molybdenum disulfide in a detergent solution. Small particle reagent suspension can be applied with a spray and then rinsed with water to remove the excess powder (Lennard, 2001). Cyanoacrylate treatment is either with cyanoacrylate vapour or cyanoacrylate fuming, which results in the formation of a hard, white polymer on any latent print. The reaction is catalysed by moisture and ionic material present in the deposit. Cyanoacrylate fuming can be done with home-made chambers, expensive commercial units or portable fuming systems (Lennard, 2001). Basic Yellow 40 (BY40; Maxilon Flavine 10 GFF) is a non-toxic, highly fluorescent dye, which stains cyanoacrylate-developed latent prints. The stain has an excitation maximum at 440 nm with a luminescence emission peak at 490 nm. Basic Yellow 40 is very sensitive to ultraviolet light and can be used with a simple long-wavelength ultraviolet lamp (Security & Safety Supply.) When considering chemical treatments, the surface type is a major consideration. Latent fingermark deposits behave differently on different substrate types; therefore, some techniques are effective on some surfaces, but not on others (Lennard, 2001). For porous surfaces, the choice of chemical treatment will depend on whether the item was wet or not. If the item has been wet, the method

Ideas of Nietzsche on Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ideas of Nietzsche on Religion - Essay Example Why did Nietzsche have a lunatic say the words? How does it affect modern society? Doubtless, Nietzsche sought to find another source of human values, some source deeper than the Christian faiths. He saw Christianity as having no philosophical system on which to base our lives. Thus, he believed that Christianity has a tendency to limit the creativity of man. Nietzsche’s statement about God’s death did not quickly change the course of history. The Christian churches still exist, just as he prophesied they would, at least for a few hundred years. Nietzsche said, â€Å"God is dead; but given the way of men, though there still may be caves for thousands of years in which his shadow will be shown.† (Section 108) Perhaps he had a madman elicit the words because he believes that we humans destroyed God ourselves by our life styles. (Nietzsche Section 125) Any value system based on Christianity or other metaphysical element will become protective of its teachings and consider nonbelievers to be unworthy of being listened to. Yet, Nietzsche, himself, said the same words himself later, in the same book.